Kuru >> Dzidzo Yehutano >> Mwana wako ari kuongororwa zvisirizvo neADHD?

Mwana wako ari kuongororwa zvisirizvo neADHD?

Dzidzo yehutano

Iye mwanasikana wako anoita kunge ane simba risingaperi, achimhanya achitenderera vezera rake vese? Kana zvinoita sekuti mwanakomana wako anonetseka kuisa pfungwa mukirasi, achiwana hurombo pane awakatarisirwa mamakisi? Zvakaoma kuti mubereki azive kana hunhu hwakaita seizvi zviratidzo zveADHD- kana kungoti vana vari vana. Kuwana chaiyo ADHD kuongororwa kwemwana wako kubva kune wepfungwa-hutano nyanzvi zvinogona kureva mutsauko pakati pekungopfuura nekukura uine chivimbo.

Chii chinonzi ADHD?

Kucherechedzwa kwekushomeka kwehutano kusagadzikana chirwere cheeurodevelopmental chinoratidzwa nehunhu hwehunhu, hunowanikwa munzvimbo dzakawanda (semuenzaniso, chikoro nemusha), izvo zvinogona kukonzeresa nenyaya dzekuita munharaunda, dzidzo, kana marongero ebasa, sekureva Kuongorora uye Statistical Manual yeMental Dambudziko ( DSM-5 ). Aya maitiro ehunhu akapatsanurwa mukusava nehanya kana kusagadzikana-kushushikana uye zvinosanganisira zviratidzo kubva pakutadza kuteerera kana kuteedzera mirairidzo yekuzeya kana kutaura kwakanyanyisa.

Chikonzero cheADHD hachizivikanwe, sekureva Mufananidzo: Diana Deutsch, MD , chiremba wepfungwa anogara kuBrooklyn, kunyangwe achiti pane fungidziro yekugara nhaka.

Iwe unowanzoona mwana ane izvi, uye baba vachati, 'Ah, zvakanaka, ini ndaive nazvo pandakanga ndiri mudiki,' anotsanangura, achiwedzera kuti kunyange iwe ungangozvarwa uine ADHD, zvinhu zvakatipoteredza zvinogona zvakare kuva nazvo. kukanganisa mamiriro acho. Izvi zvezvakatipoteredza zvinogona kusanganisira kudheerera, zvisingaenderane maitiro, kufinhwa, uye pamwe chikafu.

Icho chokwadi chekuti ADHD inosanganisirwa nekuwedzera kukuru mukufa chinoita kuti zvinyanye kukosha kumisikidza kuongororwa kwakakodzera. Kuwedzera kwevakafa kunonyanya kubva mutsaona, asi kuzviuraya uye kuwandisa kwezvinodhaka zvinowanzoitika kune vese vana nevakuru vane ADHD.

ADHD zviratidzo

Zviratidzo zveADHD zvinowira mumapoka maviri: kusatarisira uye kusagadzikana-kusagadzikana, nevazhinji vana vane mubatanidzwa wezvose zviri zviviri, sekureva kwaDr. Deutsch.

Zviratidzo zvekusatarisisa zvinosanganisira:

Dambudziko rekuchengetedza kutarisisa
Kutsauswa zviri nyore
Asingateereri kune ruzivo
Kuita zvisizvo zvisina hanya
Kutamburira kupedza mabasa kana kuteedzera mafambiro
Kurasikirwa kana kukanganwa zvinhu

Chaiwo kusagadzikana-kusagadzikana zviratidzo zvinosanganisira:

Kuita usati wafunga
Kusagadzikana uye kutenderera
Kutaura zvakawanda kana kukanganisa vanhu panguva dzisina kukodzera.

Zviratidzo izvi zvinofanirwa kuuya mumwana asati asvitsa makore gumi nemaviri uye zvichikonzera kukanganiswa muhupenyu hwavo, kuitira kuti kuongororwa kweADHD kusvike.

Kusvikira izvo, kana semunhu mukuru , iwe unongoerekana wazviwana uine dambudziko rekutarisa, kune akawanda mamwe mamiriro (sekushushikana kana kushushikana) izvo chiremba wako angangotonga kunze kwekutanga. Kunyangwe, zvakajairika kuti munhu mukuru ave neADHD achiri mudiki uye ave nazvo zvichiramba kuva munhu mukuru. Muzviitiko izvi, Dr. Deutsch anoti zviratidzo zvinogona kutaridzika zvakafanana mukukura, asi izwi rinoshandiswa kuritsanangura rinogona kunge rakatosiyana.

Iko hakuna kwevana ADHD rondedzero yezviratidzo muDSM maringe neyevakuru runyorwa, anodaro. Nekudaro, inowanzo kupa zvakasiyana. Iwe unogona kuve newawakaroorana naye achiti, 'Murume wangu anoenda kubva pane chimwe chinhu kuenda pane chinotevera uye zvakamuomera.' Kana dzimwe nguva mukuru wechidiki anouya oti, 'Ndinoziva kuti ndagara ndiine dambudziko iri, asi hapana akandiendesa [kuna chiremba], kana kuti ndakangwara zvekuti ndakakwanisa. '

Nei ADHD misdiagnosis ichiitika?

Huwandu hunofungidzirwa hwevana vakambowanikwa vaine ADHD, pagore ra2016 rekubvunzwa kwevabereki rakataurwa ne Nzvimbo dzekudzivirira nekudzivirira hosha (CDC), iri mamirioni 6.1. Asi, chidzidzo che2017 chakaburitswa muna Mwana neAyaruka Psychiatry uye Mental Hutano yakaratidza kuti vangangoita mamirioni 1.1 evana muUnited States vakagashira chirwere chisina kukodzera cheADHD.

Chidzidzo ichi chakanyora zvikonzero zvinoverengeka zvekusanzwisisika kweADHD inosanganisira:

Kuva nezuva rekuzvarwa padyo nekireshi yekucheka zuva. Kazhinji, aya maitiro evadzidzi vasina kukura anofananidzwa nehunhu hwavo hwevakadzidza zvakanyanya kune vamwe kuti vasvike pakuongororwa. (Chaizvoizvo, nepo vadzidzi vese vari kukireshi, zviito zvemwana wemakore mashanu zvingangove zvisinganyanye kuziva pane zviito zvevane makore matanhatu.)
Vanachiremba vanouya kumhedziso yavo uye vasinganyatsoshandisa nzira dzekuongorora dzakatsanangurwa mu DSM-5 .
Zviratidzo zveADHD zvinoteedzera izvo zveimwe mamiriro, kana murwere achiratidza aine akawanda mamiriro, zvichiita kuti kuongororwa kuome zvakanyanya.

Paunenge uchiongorora ADHD, vanachiremba vanofanirwa kungwarira kuti vasabatanidze zviratidzo zveADHD nedzimwe nyaya dzehutano hwepfungwa, senge kushushikana kwekushushikana kana kusagadzikana kwepfungwa. Chero ani zvake akambove nekufunganya, zvinova munhu wese, anoziva kuti hazvigoneke kuteerera kana uchinyanya kunetseka, Dr. Deutsch anodaro. Iwe haugone kutarisa.

Dambudziko rekuvandudza, senge kuremara pakudzidza uye kusagadzikana kweatism, inofanirwawo kutarisirwa kunze. Chimwe chinhu icho dzimwe nguva mwana anenge achingo fananidzwa mune zvedzidzo, Dr. Deutsch anodaro. Izvi zvakakosha zvikuru. Vana vemumwe munhu vanouya kumba uye vachati ivo vanofinhwa, asi chaizvo pamwe vane hurema hwekudzidza.

Izvo zvinokwanisika kuti mwana ave nezvose zviri zviviri kukura kwekusagadzikana uye ADHD (kana kushushikana / kushushikana uye ADHD), saka pane yakawanda nuance inosanganisirwa mukunyatso kuongorora yakakonzera nyaya (s).

Kunyangwe kuongororwa kwakanyanya iri dambudziko rinowanzo kutaurwa neADHD, kutarisirwa kushoma kunopihwa kune chinoshamisa chekusaziva. Vasikana vadiki, kunyanya, vanowanzoonekwa vasingawanzo, kazhinji nekuti zviratidzo zvavo hazvisi izvo zvinoonekwa zvakanyanya mhando ine hutano uye ivo vanokwanisa kubhadhara zvakakwana zvakakwana.

Vasikana vakangwara ndiro rakanyanya kufuratirwa, iro randinowana kuona kana vaine makore makumi maviri nemanomwe, anodaro Owen Muir, MD, chiremba wepfungwa uye mubatsiri we Brooklyn Pfungwa . Hapana munhu ane hanya kana uri kuwana A kwete A +, kana iwe uri musikana, uye uri kuwana B +, kunyanya kana iwe wakanyarara. Uye saka vasikana vakanyarara vane husina hanya rudzi ADHD uye vakangwara kwazvo, hapana kukwana kwakaringana kunanaira mugiredhi chikoro kana kusekondari kuti zviite zvakakosha. Ivo vanogona kuita izvo zvinhu muhope. Vanogona kuve nehunhu hwakakura, asi Kana vakangwara zvakakwana, hazvina basa-kusvika iwe wasvika padanho rekurovera kumadziro. Uye iyo poindi ndeye apo izvo zvinodikanwa zvinopfuura kugona kwavo kubata navo, zvichikurudzira kuongororwa zvikuru gare gare muhupenyu.

Kurarama neusingazivikanwe (uye, nekudaro, kusarapwa) ADHD inogona kuva nemhedzisiro huru, kubva pakuzvitarisira pasi uye kunetsekana pabasa kusvika kuhukama matambudziko-kunyange kuyedza kuzviuraya.

Kunyatsoongorora ADHD

Kana mwana wako achiratidza zviratidzo zveADHD, zvakakosha kuti uende nazvo kuna chiremba kuti anoongororwa. Nhanho yekutanga, maererano ne CDC , inowanzo iri bvunzo yekurapa yakapusa kutarisa kuona kwavo uye kunzwa kutonga kunze chero mamiriro epanyama anogona kutevedzera zviratidzo zveADHD. Mushure meizvozvo, nyanzvi yehutano hwepfungwa inogona kuitisa nhaurirano dzekubvunzana, nevabereki, vadzidzisi, uye nemwana, kuti vanzwisise kuti zvii nyaya uye kuti zviri kukanganisa sei chikoro chemwana uye hupenyu hwepamba.

Icho chaicho kuongororwa kwekiriniki, anodaro Dr. Deutsch. Asi kuti tizviite, tinofanirwa kuisa muzvidimbu zvakawanda zvisiri zvemakiriniki. Asi kazhinji ndicho chinyorwa. Iko kuita: Sei mwana uyu asiri kuita zvaunotarisira? Nei munhu uyu achinetseka zvakanyanya munzvimbo ino yekudzidza? Zvakafanana nekuva mutikitivha.

Iyo inogamuchirwa zera rekuyera zera, zvinoenderana ne American Academy yePediatrics , ane makore mana kusvika gumi nemasere ekuberekwa.

ADHD kurapwa

Kurapa kweADHD kunowira mumapoka maviri: hunhu uye pharmacological. Zvichienderana nezera remwana uye zvaanoda, zvinowanzo shandiswa tandem kurapa kusagadzikana.

Unorapa sei ADHD pasina mushonga?

Maitiro ekurapa kazhinji danho rekutanga revana vadiki (makore 4 ne5) vanoonekwa vaine ADHD. Izvi zvinowanzo kutora chimiro chekudzidzisa kwevabereki. Vabereki vanofanirwa kunzwisisa kuti vanofanirwa kusimbisa hunhu hwakanaka hwavanoona, anodaro Dr. Deutsch. Vabereki vanodzidzawo kuputsa mabasa makuru kuita matanho madiki. Kuti mwana wavo abudirire kutevera, nhanho yega yega inofanira kuperekedzwa nekuwedzera kusimbisa. Kune vana vakura, maitiro ekurapa anogona zvakare kusanganisira imwe nzira yekurapa. Nyanzvi dzehutano hwepfungwa dzinogona zvakare kubvunza nevadzidzisi vemudzidzi kuti vagadzire mhando chaiyo yechirongwa chekudzidza chavo.

Ndeupi mushonga wakanyanya weADHD?

ADHD mishonga inowira mumapoka maviri: zvinokurudzira uye zvisiri-zvinokurudzira. Mutsetse wekutanga zvinokurudzira, anodaro Dr. Deutsch. Mishonga inosimudzira (iyo inowanzo kuve methylphenidate kana amphetamine-based) inosanganisira zvinodhaka senge Adderall , Ritalin , uye Kukanganiswa . Zvinoenderana ne Kudya neDrug Administration (FDA) ,ivo vanofungidzirwa kuwedzera huwandu hwehuropi hwedopamine-iyo neurotransmitter inosangana nekurudziro, kutarisisa, uye kufamba, izvo zvine chinyaradzo. Kana vana vasingakwanise kutora chinokurudzira (pamwe nekuda kweimwe mamiriro ezvinhu), vanobva vapihwa mushonga unosimudzira senge Strattera (atomoxetine), Intuniv (guanfacine), kana Kapvay (clonidine).

Iyi mishonga inogona kuve nemhedzisiro, uye hapana imwe-saizi-inokodzera-zvese chirongwa chekurapa cheADHD, saka zvakakosha kushanda nachiremba wemwana wako kugadzirisa chirongwa chekurapa kwavari, icho chingangoda kumwe kutenderera munzira.

Kunyange ADHD isingarapike, inogona kutarisirwa zvakanaka. Vanhu vazhinji vane mamiriro ezvinhu vanovaka nzira dzakadai dzekurwisa zvekuti havachadi mishonga sevanhu vakuru.