Sarudzo dzekudzivirira kuberekwa: Ndezvipi zvakakunakira iwe?

Dzidzo yehutano

Kwemazana emakore, vakadzi vaive nesarudzo shoma (kana dziripo) dzekudzora kuberekwa. Mutsara wekubereka wekubereka hauna kana kunyanyo shandiswa kusvika kuma1930. Mapiritsi ekudzivirira kubereka akawanika kuvakadzi muma1960s apo zvakamboitika, sarudzo dzekudzivirira dzaivapo. Kekutanga nguva munhoroondo, vakadzi vanogona kuve vanoona nezvekuronga kwavo mhuri.

Sangano remazuva ano rekudzivirira kuberekwa rakawedzera kupfuura mapiritsi, diaphragms, uye makondomu. Asi kusarudza kuberekwa sarudzo yakasarudzika yemunhu, uye zviri nyore kuti unzwe kuremerwa nesarudzo.

Pakupedzisira, sarudzo yemhando ipi yekuzvarwa yakanakira iwe iri pakati pako nachiremba wako. Kubata kwako kwakanaka kunoenderana nezvinhu zvinoverengeka, zvinosanganisira kuti kana kwete kuberekwa kwehomoni sarudzo yakanaka, kugadzikana kwako uine madiki maitiro ekurapa, kana uchikwanisa kutora mushonga wemuromo nguva dzose, nezvimwe.

Muchirongwa ichi, tichaongorora mhando dzakajairika dzekudzivirira kuberekwa. Tichapindura mibvunzo pamusoro pemhando dzekudzivirira kuberekwa kuti tikubatsire kuita sarudzo ine ruzivo pamusoro pekuronga mhuri.

Ndeapi marudzi akasarudzika ekudzivirira kuberekwa?

Aya ndiwo maitiro akajairika ekudzivirira kuberekwa.

• Mahormone ekuberekesa mapiritsi
• Intrauterine zvishandiso (aka IUDs)
• Zvirongwa zvekuberekwa
• Kuberekwa kwekuzvarwa kwepfuti
• Zvidzitiro zvekuberekwa
• Zvipingamupinyi sarudzo (semuenzaniso, makondomu evarume, makondomu evakadzi, zvipanji)

Kudzora kubereka kunodhura zvakadii?

Mutengo wekuberekwa unosiyana nenzira asi paavhareji, mabhaisikopo anogona kuita pakati pe $ 0 ne $ 50 pamwedzi. Dzimwe sarudzo dzekuberekwa dzakadai seIUD, dzinogona kuita $ 1,300 pamubhadharo wenguva imwe asi dzinozogara kwemakore akati wandei.

Ndeipi nzira inoshanda kwazvo yekudzivirira kuberekwa?

Maererano ne Kurongwa Kwevabereki , nzira mbiri dzinonyanya kushanda dzekudzivirira kubata pamuviri ndidzo dzinoiswa uye maIUD, ayo ari pamusoro pe99% anoshanda.

Dzimwe nzira dzekudzivirira kuberekwa dzakadai sepiritsi rekudzivirira kuberekwa, dzinozvirumbidza nehumwe hunhu hwekuita. Zvisinei, piritsi nedzimwe nzira dzinoshandiswa pachirongwa hadzinyanyi kushanda kana hurongwa husina kunyatsochengetwa. Nechikonzero ichocho, ivo havasati vari 99% inoshanda nekushandisa kwese.

Ndezvipi zvisiri-zvehormoni zvekudzivirira kuberekwa?

Iko kune akati wandei asiri kana akaderera-mahormone ekuberekwa masarudzo.

• Mhangura IUDs (usashandise mahormone)
• Nzira dzekudzivirira (semuenzaniso, makondomu evarume, makondomu evakadzi)
• Kuberekwa kwekuzvarwa (inoshandisa progestin chete, kwete estrogen)
• Hormonal IUDs (inoshandisa progestin chete, kwete estrogen)
• Kuberekwa kwekuzvarwa kupfura (inoshandisa progestin chete, kwete estrogen)

Kana iwe uine nhoroondo yemigraine, parizvino uchiyamwisa, kana uine nhoroondo yekugwamba kweropa, chiremba wako anogona kukukurudzira kuti uedze isiri-mahormone kana yakaderera-mahormone nzira yekudzivirira kuberekwa seiya akanyorwa pamusoro.

Piritsi rekudzivirira kubereka

Iyo piritsi yekuzvarwa yakabvisa kufamba kwemazuva ano kwema1960 uye inoramba iri sarudzo inozivikanwa yevakadzi nhasi.

Chii chinonzi piritsi rekudzivirira kuberekwa?

Piritsi rekudzivirira kubereka chirongwa chekudzivirira nhumbu chaunotora nemuromo panguva imwe chete mazuva ese. Mhando dzinozivikanwa dzinosanganisira Alesse, Levlen, Ortho Tri-Cyclen, Loestrin, Ortho-Novum, Estrostep, Lessina, Levlite, Aviane, Levora, Lo Ovral, Aranelle, Natazia, Enpresse, Mircette, Apri, Yasmin, Nordette, uye Yaz.

Mapiritsi ekuronga mhuri anoshanda sei?

Iyo yekuberekwa inoshanda nekumira ovulation. Nekumisa ovulation, urume haugone kusvika pazai nekuti hapana zai rinowanikwa kuti urume hurumidze. Mapiritsi ekudzivirira kubereka anoita kuti mukaka wechibereko ubve, izvo zvinoita kuti chirume chisvike muzai.

Anobatsira zvakadii mapiritsi ekuronga mhuri?

Kana ikashandiswa sekurairwa, piritsi rekuberekwa rinoita 99% inoshanda. Zvisinei, kana iwe usingatore piritsi panguva imwe chete zuva rega rega kana kusvetuka mazuva zvachose, inova isinganyanyi kushanda. Pakazara, nekushandisa kwese, piritsi rekuberekwa inenge 91% inoshanda .

Unonwa sei mapiritsi ekudzivirira kubata pamuviri?

Iwe unotora mapiritsi ekudzivirira kubereka nemuromo (nemuromo) kamwe pazuva pazuva panguva yakafanana. Nguva yezuva haina basa, asi inofanira kunge ichienderana.

Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti mapiritsi ekudzivirira kubereka atange kushanda?

Paavhareji, piritsi rekudzivirira kuberekwa rinotora mazuva manomwe kuti riite zvizere. Kana iwe ukatanga piritsi yekudzivirira kuberekwa pazuva rekutanga renguva yako, zvisinei, inogona kukanda mukati pakarepo. Vagadziri vekuzvarwa vanokurudzira kuti iwe ushandise nzira yechipiri yekudzivirira, yakadai semakondomu, kwemazuva manomwe ekutanga.

Intrauterine zvishandiso (IUD)

Kunyangwe michina ye intrauterine yave iri nzira yekudzivirira kuberekwa kubva muna 1909, yanga isiri nzira inowanzo shandiswa kudzamara kugadzirwa kwecopper IUD muma1960. Nhasi, maIUD ndiwo maitiro anonyanya kushandiswa ekureba-kuita kudzora kudzora kuberekwa (LARC).

Chii chinonzi IUD?

IUD (intrauterine mudziyo) chinhu chidiki, chakaita saT chakaiswa muchibereko neOB-GYN. Kune mhando mbiri dzeIUDs: progestin IUDs (Mirena, Skyla, uye Liletta) nemhangura IUDs (ParaGard).

IUD inoshanda sei?

Mhangura uye progestin IUD zvese zvinoshanda nekudzivirira urume maseru kusvika muzai. Masero embeu haabate zvakanaka kune mhangura, zvinovhiringidza kugona kwourume kusvika zai. Progestin IUDs inovharisa maruva mumuromo wechibereko uye inodzivirira ovulation (sepiritsi rekubereka).

IUD inoshanda zvakadii?

IUD ine 99% inoshanda. Sezvo chishandiso ichi chakaiswa nenyanzvi yezvekurapa, pane njodzi shoma yekushandisa zvisina kukwana sezvazviri nepiritsi rekuzvara kana makondomu. Mhangura uye progestin IUDs zvinoshanda zvakafanana. Nekudaro, maIUD emhangura ane musiyano wekubata kubata pamuviri nechimbichimbi zvine mutsindo kana waiswa kusvika mazuva mashanu mushure mekuita bonde zvisina dziviriro.

Inguva yakareba sei inotora?

Mhangura IUD ndiyo imwe yedzimba dzakareba kwazvo uye inoshanda kusvika pamakore gumi nemaviri. Progestin IUDs inopera pakati pemakore matatu neanomwe mushure mekuiswa zvichienderana neIUD.

Mari yakawanda sei iyo IUD?

IUD inogona kusununguka kana yakavharwa zvizere neinishuwarenzi kana kudhura kusvika pamadhora chiuru nemazana matatu pasina inishuwarenzi yehutano

Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti IUD ishande?

Mhangura IUD inoshanda nekukurumidza mushure mekuiswa sezvo isingavimbe nemahomoni anoshanda kuburikidza nemuviri wako. Hormone-based IUDs inogona kutora kusvika vhiki kuti ibudirire zvizere mukudzivirira kubata pamuviri.

Ndeipi mhedzisiro yeIUDs?

Zvimwe zvinokanganisa maIUD zvakanyorwa pazasi.

• Marwadzo panguva uye nekukurumidza kuisa kuiswa (kazhinji kuderedzwa kana iwe uri panguva yako panguva yekuisirwa uye kana iwe ukatora ibuprofen maminetsi makumi matatu nzira isati yaitwa)
• Kukanda uye musana kumashure mumazuva anotevera kuiswa
• Kutarisa pakati pezvikamu
• Kuwedzera zvisina kujairika nguva (kana kusavapo zvachose)
• Mune zvimwe zviitiko, nguva dzinorema uye kurwadza kwekuenda kumwedzi (zvinowanzoitika nemhangura maIUD)

Kuberekwa kwekuzvarwa

Kubata kwekuzvarwa implants inzira iri kuwedzera inokurumbira yekureba-kuita kudzoreredza kuberekwa kudzora. Inoshanda zvakafanana neiyo hormonal IUD, asi inoiswa mukati meruoko kwete pachibereko.

Chii chinonzi kuberekwa kwekuberekwa?

Iyo yekuzvarwa yekudyara inodyara (Nexplanon) idiki ipurasitiki inoiswa iyo inoiswa mukati mako nachiremba kana chiremba panguva pfupi yekushanya muhofisi.

Kuronga kuberekwa kunoshanda sei?

Iyo yekuzvarwa yekudyara inoshanda kuburikidza nekudzivirira ovulation uye nekuomesa iyo yemukoko mucus iyo inochengetedza urume kubva pakushambira kune zai.

Kubata kubata kunoshanda zvakadii?

Iyo yekuzvarwa yekudyara inosimudza (seiyo IUD) iri 99% inoshanda. Kusiyana nemakondomu kana piritsi rekudzivirira kuberekwa, panenge pasina nzvimbo yekukanganisa kwevashandisi, izvo zvinoita kuti kubara kwekuberekwa kuisirwe zvakaenzana muzvidzidzo nekuita.

Kubata kubata kunotora nguva yakareba sei?

Zvinoenderana newebsite yeNexplanon, iyo yekuzvarwa yekudyara inoshanda kwemakore matatu . Nekudaro, inogona kubviswa kana iwe ukafunga kuita nhumbu mukati memakore matatu ekuiswa iyo kuiswa.

Yakawanda sei iyo yekuzvarwa yekudyara inoisa mutengo?

Iyo yekuzvarwa yekudyara inogona kuita ingangoita shoma se $ 0 kana yakanyatso kufukidzwa neinishuwarenzi. Inogona kutenga inosvika kumadhora chiuru nemazana matatu kana isina kuvharwa. Kubviswa kwekuberekwa kwekuzvarwa kunogona kutora kubva pamadhora 0 kusvika pamadhora mazana matatu zvichienderana neinishuwarenzi inovharwa.

Zvinotora nguva yakareba zvakadii kubata kuberekwa kudyara kushanda?

Iyo yekuzvarwa yekudyara inotora angangoita mazuva manomwe kuti inyatso shanda. Zvisinei, kana kuiswa kwacho kuchiiswa mumazuva mashanu ekutanga epanguva yako, zvinogona kushanda pakudzivirira kubata pamuviri nekukurumidza.

Ndeipi mhedzisiro mhedzisiro yekuberekwa kwekuzvarwa?

Iyo yekuzvarwa yekudyara inosimudza akati wandei mhedzisiro mhedzisiro yekufunga.

• Nguva dzakareruka kana dzinorema
• Hapana kubuda ropa zvachose panguva yako
• Kutarisa pakati pezvikamu
• Isingafungidzirwe nguva pakati pezvikamu
• Mafungiro anochinja
• Hunyoro huremu kuwedzera
• Acne
• Kushungurudzika
• Kutemwa nemusoro
• Kurwadziwa kwenguva pfupi kunzvimbo yekuisa

Kudzora kuberekwa kupfura

Yekudzivirira kubereka yakapfurwa yakatanga kuburitswa mukupera kwema1950 uye yaive ichiwanikwa sekudzivirira kubereka muUnited States kusvika 1992. Semushonga, ine zvimwe zvakawanda zvinoshandiswa kusanganisira kurerutsa zviratidzo zvekuguma kuenda kumwedzi.

Chii chinonzi kudzora kupfura?

Iyo yekuzvarwa yekudzivirira (aka Depo-Provera) jekiseni rinopihwa pamwedzi mitatu yega kudzivirira nhumbu. Pfuti inogona kupihwa nachiremba kana, mune dzimwe nguva, inogona kupihwa kumba. Depo-SubQ inoitiswa pasi peganda (subcutaneously) kwete pane tsandanyama (intramuscularly).

Kurwisa kwepfuti kunoshanda sei?

Kufanana nemamwe mahormone mafomu ekudzivirira kuberekwa, iyo yekudzivirira yekuzvarwa kupfura inoshanda nezvose kudzivirira ovulation uye kuomesa remuromo wechibereko kuitira kuti urume husakwanisa kushambira kumazai. Pfuti yacho inogona kupihwa vhiki gumi kusvika gumi neshanu zvichienderana nehurongwa hwako. Nekudaro, vagadziri vanokurudzira kutora iyo pfuti vhiki dzese gumi nembiri nekuti iyo pfuti haina kunyanyo shanda paunomirira anopfuura vhiki gumi neshanu pakati pemapfuti.

Kurapa kwepfuti kunoshanda zvakadii?

Kana ikapihwa pane yakatarwa nguva, iyo yekudzivirira yekuzvarwa kupfura ndeye 99% inoshanda. Nekudaro, nekuti mapfuti haagadziriswe nguva nenguva, avhareji kugona ndeye 94%.

Kudzora kwekubereka kunotora nguva yakareba sei?

Iyo yekudzivirira kubereka kupfura inotora mwedzi mitatu. Zvisinei, zvinogona kutora mwedzi gumi pasina kupfura kuti uwane pamuviri. Zvinotora nguva kuti mahormone abve mumuviri wako.

Kudhura kwekuzvarwa kupfura kunodhura zvakadii?

Iyo yekuzvarwa yekudzivirira kupfura inogona kutenga chero kupi kubva pa $ 0 kana yakanyatso kufukidzwa neinishuwarenzi kusvika $ 150 papfuti.

Zvinotora nguva yakareba zvakadii kuti kuberekwa kwepfuti kuve kushanda?

Mushure mekuberekwa kwako kwekutanga kuberekwa, zvinogona kutora kusvika mazuva manomwe kupfura kusati kwashanda. Nekudaro, kana iwe ukaronga kupfura kwako mukati memazuva mashanu ekutanga epanguva yako, inogona kushanda ipapo ipapo. Iyo yekuzvarwa yekudzivirira kupfura inogara kwemwedzi mushure mekunge iwe wawana iyo pfuti. Muchokwadi, zvinogona kutora mwedzi gumi mushure mekupedzisira kupfura usati waita nhumbu sezvo mahormone anotora nguva yekubuda pane yako system.

Kuberekwa kwekubata chigamba

Chibato chekudzivirira nhumbu ndeimwe yemhando nyowani dzekudzivirira kuberekwa. Yakauya kumusika muna 2002 uye inozivikanwa pakati pevakadzi vasingade kutora piritsi rezuva nezuva uye vasingafarire kudzora kubata kwenguva refu.

Ndeipi chigamba chekudzivirira kuberekwa?

Chigadziro chekuzvarwa chigamba ndicho chinamirwa chaunopfeka pamuviri wako zvakafanana nechikakananda chigamba. Inowanzo pfekwa paruoko, pazasi musana, kana mudumbu. Iyo chigamba chinoda kuchinjwa kamwe pasvondo. Chiratidzo chakajairika ndiXulane.

Chibereko chekubata chigamba chinoshanda sei?

Iyo chigamba, sedzimwe nzira dzekudzora kuberekwa kwemahormone, inodzivirira kubata nekumisa muviri wako kubva pakuvhara uye nekusimbisa kamuri yemuromo wechibereko inochengetedza urume kusangana nezai.

Chibereko chekubereka chinoshanda zvakadii?

Kana chigamba chashandiswa pamirayiridzo, iri 99% inoshanda. Mukushandisa kwakajairika, iyo iine imwe nzvimbo yekukanganisa, inenge 91% inoshanda. Iko kukanganisa kwakajairika kunoitwa kana uchishandisa chigamba hakusi kuchichinja nguva dzose.

Patch yekudzivirira inogara kwenguva yakareba sei?

Iyo chigamba inotora kwemazuva manomwe uye inoda kushandurwa kamwe pasvondo, zvinokomberedza panguva imwe chete.

Mari yekuzvarwa chigamba inodhura zvakadii?

Kana yakafukidzwa zvizere neinishuwarenzi yako, chigamba chinogona kusununguka. Nekudaro, zvinodhura madhora zana nemakumi mashanu pamushonga wekuzadza pasina inishuwarenzi.

Zvinotora nguva yakadii kutora chigamba chekudzivirira kuti chishande?

Kana iwe ukatanga kushandisa chigamba mukati memazuva mashanu ekutanga epanguva yako, inotanga kushanda ipapo ipapo. Kana iwe ukatanga kuishandisa pane chero imwe nhanho mukutenderera kwako, chigamba chinogona kutora kusvika mazuva manomwe kuti utange kushanda. Pakati pemazuva manomwe aya, mugadziri anokurudzira kuti ushandise nzira yechipiri yekudzivirira kuberekwa, semakondomu.

Zvipingamupinyi zvingasarudzwa

Zvipingamupinyi sarudzo ndeimwe yemhando dzekare dzekudzivirira kuberekwa. Makondomu evarume ndiwo akanyanya kuzivikanwa ekudzivirira kuzvarwa, asi vakadzi vanogona kutora dziviriro yavo mumaoko avo nemakondomu evanhukadzi uye diaphragms. Kunyangwe diaphragms iri zvakare chipingaidzo chekudzivirira kuberekwa nzira, haidziviriri pakurwisa maSTD. Kondomu yechirume neyechikadzi ndiyo chete nzira dzekudzora kuberekwa mune ino runyorwa dzinodzivirirawo kune maSTD.

Makondomu evarume anoshanda sei?

Makondomu evarume anoshanda nekupa chinodzivirira pakati pehurume hwemurume nezai remukadzi. Dzakapfekwa nekunze panhengo yemurume uye dzakaonda, homwe dzakatambanudzwa dzinodzivirira urume kuti husapinde.

Makondomu evarume anoshanda zvakadii?

Kana yakashandiswa zvakakwana, kondomu rechirume rine 98% rinoshanda mukudzivirira kubata pamuviri. Mukushandisa chaiko, makondomu anenge 85% anoshanda. Makondomu anonyanya kushanda kana achishandiswa sekurairwa kwayakaitwa uye kukosheswa nehukuru chaihwo hwenhengo yemurume.

Kondomu rechikadzi rinoshanda sei?

Kondomu rechikadzi rinoshanda nekuita sechivhiringidzi pakati pehurume nezai panguva yebonde. Kusiyana nekondomu yechirume, iyo inopfekwa panhengo yemurume, iyo kondomu yevakadzi inopinda mukati memukadzi.

Makondomu evakadzi anoshanda zvakadii?

Maererano ne Kurongwa Kwevabereki , makondomu echikadzi (aka emukati) ane 95% anoshanda kana achinge ashandiswa zvakakwana, asi ari pamusoro pe79% anoshanda nekushandisa kwese.

Tsvaga iyo nzira inoshanda zvakanyanya kwauri

Kune zvakawanda zvingasarudzwa zvekuberekwa kwekuzvarwa kwechikonzero: Hapana imwe nzira inoenderana nemunhu wese. Vakadzi vazhinji vanoedza mhando dzakasiyana dzekuzvidzivirira vasati vawana nzira inoshanda kwazvo kwavari nemiviri yavo.

Iye zvino zvaunoziva mutsauko uripo pakati pemhando dzinonyanya kufarirwa dzekudzivirira kuberekwa, taura nachiremba wako nezve izvo zvakakunakira iwe.