Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya 101: Ndezvipi uye nei tichiida?
Dzidzo yehutanoMishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya ingangove imwe yezvakakosha uye zvine chekuita nekuwanikwa kwevanachiremba - vakashandura marapirwo atinoita uye kuponesa hupenyu husingaverengeke kubva kuhutachiona hwehutachiona.
Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yakagadzirwa rini?
Muna 1928, musayendisiti Alexander Fleming netsaona akawana penicillin paakasiya tsika yebhakitiriya isina kufukurwa ari pazororo, sekureva Microbiology Sosaiti . Foroma yakakura mumidziyo yake, ndokuuraya iyohutachiona hwaaidzidza.
Kukanganwa kwaFleming kwakatungamira kumushonga wekutanga-wakagadzirwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, kana mabhakitiriya-mhondi, yaakakunda Mubayiro weNobel muPhysiology kana Mushonga , pamwe chete nemamwe masayendisiti maviri, muna 1945.
Ndeapi maantibayoti anoshandiswa kurapa?
Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya mishonga inoponesa-hupenyu yakatemerwa kurwisa hutachiona nekuuraya mabhakitiriya kana kuichengeta kuti isaberekane, inotsanangura The National Library of Medicine's MedlinePlus . Nepo mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya ichishandiswa kurapa hutachiona hwakawanda hwakakomba, haidiwe - kana kushanda pa - hutachiona hutachiona, senge dzihwa kana dzihwa.
Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya mishonga inoshandiswa kubatsira immune system yemurwere kurwisa hutachiona, Katie Taylor, Pharm.D., Anodaro. Anowedzera kuti mhando dzehutachiona hwehutachiona dzinogona kusanganisira urinary turakiti hutachiona, mabayo, uye ganda uye akapfava hutachiona hutachiona, kungo taura mashoma.
Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inoshanda sei?
Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inouraya masero ehutachiona anokonzera hutachiona hwako, asi anosiya masero evanhu ari ega, anotsanangura Iyo Genetic Science Kudzidza Center paYunivhesiti yeUtah .
Maererano ne Merck Chinyorwa , kune mhando dzakasiyana dzemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inowanikwa, uye yega mhando yemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inoshanda pane mamwe marudzi ebacteria. Ichi ndicho chikonzero chiremba wako anoraira chaiwo maantibhakitiriya kuti arape hutachiona hutachiona. Kune akawanda marudzi, kana makirasi, emishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya: penicillin, tetracyclines, uye nitrofurantoin, kungo taura mashoma.
Mukati memakirasi aya, pane akasiyana marangi anowanikwa.
Mhando dzakasiyana dzeMishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inoshanda nenzira dzakasiyana siyana zvichienderana nekirasi yemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yavari, anodaroAmesh Adalja, MD, chiremba-anozivikanwa chiremba muzvirwere zvinotapukira uye nyanzvi yepamusoro paJohn Hopkins.Semuenzaniso, penicillin nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inokanganisa mabhakitiriya maseru maseru mamiriro, nepo maantibhakitiriya akafanana neciprofloxacin anoita pane hutachiona hweDNA maitiro.
Kune mamwe marudzi akasiyana emaantibhakitiriya. Zvinogona kutorwa nemuromo, kuiswa pamusoro, kana kugamuchirwa sejekiseni. Chimwe chinhu chakakosha kucherechedza ndechekuti haingori chete iyo inorwisa mabhakitiriya inoda kukwanisa kuuraya imwe bacteria, asi zvakare kusvika kune iyo nzvimbo yehutachiona, anotsanangura Dr. Taylor. Semuenzaniso, haazi maantibayoti ese anogona kupinda muuropi kana pfupa, uye kana ndimo mune hutachiona, zvichanetsa kurapa hutachiona nemushonga iwoyo. Chiremba wako anokuraira fomu iyo inogona kunyatso tarisa uko hutachiona huri mumuviri wako.
Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti ishande?
Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inoruma nekukurumidza, zvirinani padanho rehutachiona, anotsanangura Dr. Adalja.Nekudaro, zvinoenderana nehukuru uye hukomba hwehutachiona, zvinogona kutora maawa kana mazuva kuti zviratidzo zvemunhu zvinyatso shanduka, anowedzera.
Kana zviratidzo zvako zvatanga kuvandudza, haufanire kumira kutora tsamba yako. Zvakakosha kusimbisa kuti murwere anofanira kutora iyo yose nzira yemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yakatemwa nemupi wako wezvehutano kuchengetedza kurapwa kwakakwana kwehutachiona kuitira kuti husadzokere kana kukonzera kurwisa mabhakitiriya, Dr. Taylor anosimbisa.
RELATED: Chii chinoitika kana ukasapedza mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya?
Mabhakitiriya anoita sei kuti asave nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya?
Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inoitika kana mabhakitiriya achidzidza kukunda mushonga unofungidzirwa kuuraya iwo. Zvinoitika kana vanhu vakanyanyisa kushandisa uye kushandisa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Ivo vanovatora kune mamiriro asingade mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, kana vanomira kutora mushonga unorwisa mushonga usati wapera. Zviitiko zvese izvi zvinopa mabhakitiriya mukana wekuchinja.
Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yakajairika zvekuti iyo Centers for Disease Control uye Kudzivirira (CDC) inozviona seimwe yematambudziko ehutano hweveruzhinji. Gore rega rega vanhu vanopfuura mamirioni maviri vanowana utachiona husingaurayiwi nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, uye vanhu vanosvika zviuru makumi maviri nezviviri vanofa nazvo, sekureva kwe CDC .Zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yakaoma, uye dzimwe nguva haigone kurapwa. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inoda kugara kwenguva refu muchipatara, kuwedzerwa kwekushanyirwa kwachiremba, uye dzimwe nzira dzinodhura uye dzine chepfu, anodaro CDC saiti.
Dr. Adalja vanoti kunyangwe kushandiswa kwakanyanya kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kuchikonzera mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, kugona kwebhakitiriya kushanduka uye kuramba mishonga yakagadzirirwa kuuraya ichowo chinhu chehupenyu nekushanduka. Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inokonzerwa nezvakasiyana zvinhu, asi kazhinji zvinokonzerwa nemaabhakitiriya ari kuburitswa nemushonga unorwisa mabhakitiriya kwechinguva, uye hutachiona hunoshanduka (kana kufungidzira) maitiro ekufamba munzira yemushonga yekuita, anobvumirana Dr. Taylor.
Nguva yekutora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya
Nzira yakanakisa yekudzivirira kurwisa mabhakitiriya ndeyekudzivirira kutora maantibayoti kana iwe usingade-semuenzaniso, usatore maantibayoti kurapa hutachiona. Shandisa zviyero zvekudzivirira senge majekiseni uye hutsika hwakanaka kuti usarware. Zvino, kana iwe uchizvida, ita shuwa kuti unotora mishonga yako inorwisa mabhakitiriya chaizvo sezvakarairwa.
