Iwo 411 paA1C: akajairwa A1C mazinga uye gumi nemashanu nzira dzekudzikisa yakakwira A1C

Dzidzo yehutano

Iyo hemoglobin A1C bvunzo ndicho chinhu chepedyo kune cheshuga makadhi aunogona kuwana. Kunyangwe mumwe munhu anga aine chirwere cheshuga mellitus kwemakore kana kana achangobva kuongororwa, vangangodaro vakanzwa nezveyedzo iyi. Kusiyana nemashuga eropa anoshandiswa nevanhu pamba, iyo A1C inoyera huwandu hweshuga yeropa mukati memwedzi yakati wandei yapfuura nekuongorora kuti mangani maseru emuroglobin emurwere ane glucose yakabatana navo. Mhedzisiro miedzo inoteedzera kuti munhu ari kubata sei zvakanaka chirwere chake cheshuga.

Chii chinomiririrwa neA1C?

Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), inowanzonzi A1C, inomiririra hemoglobin yeglycosylated. Chiyero cheA1C (dzimwe nguva chinonzi bvunzo yeHbA1C kana glycohemoglobin) inopa ruzivo rwekuti chirwere cheshuga chemunhu chinodzorwa zvakadii. Inoita izvi nekuyera chikamu chetsvuku yeropa hemoglobin protein ine shuga yakanamatira pairi uye inopa mwero wemwedzi mitatu wehuga hweropa rako, inotsanangura Marie Bellantoni , MD, bhodhi-rakasimbiswa endocrinologist kuCentre for Endocrinology paMercy Medical muBaltimore. Mashuga eropa akakwirisa, shuga inowedzera kune hemoglobin. Mhedzisiro yacho inopa varwere nevano vapa hutano hwavo ruzivo rwekuti kurapwa kwavo, chikafu, uye mishonga iri kushanda zvakadii uye kana kugadzirisa kuchikosha.

RELATED: Chirwere cheshuga nemishonga

A1C bvunzo

Pane zvikonzero zvishoma izvo chiremba angangopa bvunzo yeA1C:

• Kugadzira kuongororwa kweType 2 chirwere cheshuga
• Kuedza ma prediabetes
• Kuongorora mashuga eropa
• Kuti uone kana kugadzirisa kurapwa kuchidikanwa

Kuongororwa kweropa kweA1C hakusi kwekutsvaga Type 1 chirwere cheshuga, chirwere cheshuga cheshuga, kana chirwere cheshuga chine chekuita necystic fibrosis, sekureva kweNational Institute of Diabetes uye Digestive neItsvo Zvirwere ( NIDDK ).

Unofanirwa kutsanya kuti uongorore ropa reA1C?

Kusiyana neiyo yekutsanya plasma glucose (FPG) uye iyo OGTT bvunzo, hapana chikonzero chekutsanya usati waita A1C bvunzo. Kana zvabuda zveA1C zvichiratidza kuti munhu ane chirwere cheshuga kana anogona kunge aine chirwere cheshuga, mupi wezvehutano anogona kupa zano kumwe kweiyi miedzo kuti asimbise mhedzisiro yacho. Imwe bvunzo, iyo yakasarudzika plasma glucose bvunzo, iyo isingade kutsanya, inogona zvakare kushandiswa. Kana mhedzisiro iri pamuganhu kana kana mhedzisiro yemiyedzo yakasiyana isingaenderane, chiremba anogona kukurudzira kudzokorora bvunzo mumavhiki akati kana mwedzi.

Yakarurama sei A1C bvunzo?

A1C mazinga anomuka musati kiriniki yatanga chirwere cheshuga, ichiita kuti chirwere chekutanga chiitwe maererano ne 2017 Maitiro Ekurapwa mune Chirwere cheshuga neAmerican Diabetes Association (ADA). Dzimwe nguva, zvakadaro, mumatanho ekutanga eshuga, huwandu hweshuga yeropa haina kukwira zvakakwana kuti iratidze seinonetsa. Mamiriro ekuyedza, senge tembiricha murabhorari, zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa, uye kubata kwesampuli, zvinogona kukanganisa mhedzisiro; zvisinei, izvi zvinowanzoitika mukutsanya plasma glucose uye iyoOGTT kupfuura muA1C. Dzakasimba kudzora kwehunhu uye kufambira mberi mukuyedza kwakaita kuti iyo A1C bvunzo ive yakanyatsojeka kupfuura yapfuura, sekureva kweNIDDK. Vanachiremba vanofanirwa kuziva marabhoritari anoshandisa nzira yakasimbiswa yeNGP yekuyedza mazinga eA1C. NIDDK inonyevera kuti masampuli eropa anotorwa kumba kana kuongororwa muhofisi yemupi wezvehutano haafanire kushandiswa kuongororwa.

Kune mamwe mamiriro ehutano nemamiriro ezvinhu anogona kukanganisa zvabuda bvunzo. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• Anemia
• Itsvo kutadza
• Chiropa chirwere
• Sickle cell anemia
• Erythropoietin kurapwa
• Dialysis
• Ropa kurasikirwa kana kuwedzerwa ropa

Zvakare, iyo bvunzo inogona kuve isingavimbike kune vanhu vemuAfrica, Mediterranean, kana Southeast Asia vanobva, vanhu vane nhengo yemhuri ine sickle cell anemia, uye avo vane thalassemia. Kune avo vanowira mumapoka aya, mupi wezvehutano anogona kupa bvunzo dzakasiyana kana nyanzvi A1C.

A1C inoedzwa kangani?

Kuchengeta maA1C mazinga mukutarisa, varwere vanofanirwa kuti bvunzo dzidzokororwe kazhinji. Kana iyo A1C iri pasi pe5.7, zvichiratidza kuti hauna chirwere cheshuga, unofanirwa kunge uchitariswa makore ese matatu, sekutaura kwaRobert Williams, MD, chiremba wemhuri uye chiremba wezvehutano muLakewood, Colorado, uye chipangamazano wezvekurapa eMediHealth . Kana iri pakati pe5.7 na6.4, zvichiratidza kuti uri panjodzi yekubatwa nechirwere cheshuga, unofanirwa kuchiongorora chega chega kusvika kumakore maviri. Kana iwe uine yakasimbiswa chirwere cheshuga kuongororwa, uye shuga yako yeropa yakanyatso kudzorwa, iwe unofanirwa kuve neA1C bvunzo mwedzi yega yega mitanhatu. Kana iwe uchitova nechirwere cheshuga uye mishonga yako ichichinja, kana shuga yako yeropa isina kunyatso kudzorwa, iwe unofanirwa kuve neA1C bvunzo mumwedzi mitatu yega yega.

Akajairwa maA1C mazinga

Kune mamwe madhairekitori akajairika ekuturikira zvabuda zveA1C. Nekudaro, kune zvekare zvimwe, maererano neADA. Iyo general mirayiridzo ndeiyi:

• Pasi 5.7: Asiri-cheshuga
• Pakati pe5.7 na6.4:Prediabetes
• Pakati pa6.0 na6.9: Kudzora chirwere cheshuga
• Pakati pe7.0 na8.9: Isingadzorwe chirwere cheshuga
• Kupfuura 9.0: Zvakanyanya kukwirira

Nezvekutaura, zvakajairwa A1C mazinga evarume vasina chirwere cheshuga ndeye 4% kusvika 5.6%.

Ndeipi yakanaka A1C nhanho?

Nhanho dziri pakati pe5.7 ne6.4 dzinoonekwa prediabetes . Kune vanhu vazhinji vane chirwere cheshuga, chinangwa cheA1C chikuru kuve nenhanho iri pakati pe6.0 ne6.9. Kunyangwe zvinganzwika seyakakodzera A1C tarisiro iri pasi pe6.0, kune avo vane chirwere cheshuga, danho iri rinogona kuratidza yakaderera mashuga eropa, ayo anogona kungova nengozi semazinga eshuga eropa. Kana mhedzisiro yeA1C ikawira pakati pe7.0 na8.9, chiremba anogona kukurudzira shanduko yemararamiro kana mishonga yekubatsira kudzikisa nhanho kune izvo zvinonzi zvinodzorwa. Zvisinei, kune vamwe vanhu, mazinga aya anogona kunge akakodzera, akadai se:

• Avo vane tarisiro yehupenyu shoma
• Vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga chakareba vanonetseka kusvika kune yakaderera chinangwa
• Ivo vane hypoglycemia yakaoma kana kusakwanisa kuona hypoglycemia

Ndeipi nhanho ine njodzi yeA1C?

Kana huwandu hwakwira kusvika ku9.0, njodzi yeitsvo uye kukuvara kwemaziso uye neuropathy inowedzera. Vamwe vanhu avo vachangobva kuongororwa vanogona kuve nematanho anopfuura 9.0. Mararamiro anochinja uye pamwe mishonga inogona kudzikisa nhanho nekukurumidza. Kune mumwe munhu ane chirwere cheshuga chakamira kwenguva refu, nhanho dzinokwira pamusoro pe9.0 dzinogona kuratidza kudiwa kweshanduko muhurongwa hwavo hwekurapa.

Mamwe marabhu anofungidzira avhareji yeropa glucose (eAG), inoenderana kumba glucose mita kuverenga (mg / dL), zvichibvumira varwere kuti vanzwisise mhedzisiro zvirinani.

Nei yangu A1C yakakwira?

Sezvo huwandu hweshuga yeropa hunowedzera, saizvozvo neA1C mazinga. Iyo yakakwira A1C inoratidza kuti kudzora shuga yeropa haina kukwana. Izvi pachazvo hazvisi zvekukurumidzira, asi zvinopa mutapi wezvehutano mufananidzo wekuti ropa reropa rakave sei, kana kuti harina kudzorwa, anodaro Dr. Williams.

Kutadza kurwara neshuga kana kudiwa kwekugadziriswa kwemishonga kunogona kukonzera yakakwira A1C. Kudya kuchinja, kurovedza muviri zuva nezuva, kana kugadzirisa mishonga kunogona kukurumidza kudzikisa A1C. Nekuti Nyora 2 chirwere cheshuga chirwere chinofambira mberi, kugadzirisa kune kurapwa kweumwe kunogona kuve chikamu chehurongwa hwekudzora chirwere cheshuga. Kudzvinyirira chirwere cheshuga hazvireve kuti murwere ari kuita chimwe chinhu chisina kunaka. Asi pane zvimwe zvikonzero nei nhanho dzingave dzakakwira.

Sezvambotaurwa, mamwe mamiriro ehutano anogona kukonzeresa mhedzisiro. Izvi zvinosanganisira chirwere cheitsvo, kupererwa neropa, chirwere cheropa, asplenia, kurasikirwa kweropa, hypothyroidism, uremia, uye sickle cell anemia. Zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kutungamira kune yakakwira A1C nhanho inosanganisira kuwedzera zera, nhumbu, uye gestational chirwere cheshuga.

Iwe unogona here kuve neakakwira A1C uye usingave nechirwere cheshuga?

Maererano neimwe 2009 kudzidza , 3.8% yevanhu vasina nhoroondo yeshuga vane yakakwira A1C nhanho (inopfuura 6.0). Iri boka rinowanzo kuve nezvimwe zvinenjodzi zveType 2 chirwere cheshuga uye chirwere chemoyo. Vatsvakurudzi vakaona kuti mapoka anotevera aive nemikana yekuve neA1C yakakwira pasina kuongororwa chirwere cheshuga:

• Vakwegura
• Murume
• Asiri-Hispanic nhema uye Mexican American
• Hypertension
• Kufutisa
• Yakakwira C-inoshanda mapuroteni mazinga

Mhedzisiro yepamusoro yeA1C inogona kuratidza kuti pane dambudziko. Kunyangwe kuwedzera zvine mwero mushuga yako yeropa, pamusoro pezvikamu zvakajairika, kunogona kuwedzera njodzi yako yechirwere chemwoyo, kunyangwe kana usina chirwere cheshuga chakazara, anodaro Dr. Bellatoni. Chiremba anogona kuongorora mhedzisiro yekuyedza uye kutaura nevarwere nezvezvinhu zvine njodzi uye shanduko yemararamiro kugadzirisa mashuga eropa.

Maitiro ekudzikisa ako A1C mazinga

Izvo zvakakosha kuti uwane hemoglobin yako A1C mazinga ave padhuze neyakajairika sezvinobvira, anodaro Dr. Bellatoni, Kuderedza hemoglobin yako A1C inoderedza njodzi yako yekuva nezvinetso kubva kuchirwere cheshuga. Kunyangwe kana iwe usingakwanise kutora yako A1C kudzokera kune yakajairwa renji, chero kuvandudzwa kunoderedza njodzi yako yechirwere cheshuga.

Chirwere cheshuga yekutevera uye kurapwa

• Tevera chirongwa chako cheshuga chekurapa chirwere cheshuga : Nzwisisa chirongwa chekurapa usati wabva muhofisi yemupi wezvehutano uye kurukura zvipingamupinyi (zvepamoyo, zvepanyama, zvemari) zvinogona kukutadzisa kutevera chirongwa ichi. Pinda kushanya kwese kwekutevera.
• Ramba uchitora mishonga yakatemwa : Kana mupi wezvehutano akaraira mishonga yekudzikisa mashuga eropa, enda nawo nguva dzose. Vamwe vanhu vanongonwa mishonga kana vasiri kunzwa mushe, asi mishonga iyi haishande kunze kwekunge yatorwa nguva dzose.
• Chengetedza uye uteedzere shuga yeropa : Kugara uchiongorora shuga muropa ndiyo danho rakakosha mukutungamira kweshuga, sekureva kwe CDC . Vatapi vezvehutano vanogona kuzivisa varwere vemhando dzakasiyana dzemamita uye kubatsira varwere kuwana yakanakisa yavo. Vanopa vanogona zvakare kuudza varwere kuti kangani kuti vatarise shuga yavo yeropa uye kuti ndeipi tarisiro yeshuga yeropa. Chengeta danda rehuga remashuga eropa rako kuti utarise mapatani uye zvinokonzeresa zvetsvigiri zveshuga uye zvishoma. Kana iwe ukapfeka inoenderera glucose yekutarisa, unogona kushandisa iyo data. Kudzidza izvo zvinoita kuti shuga yeropa isimuke kana kuderera kunogona kukubatsira iwe kugadzira chirongwa chekuichengeta ichienderana.

Kudya kunochinja

• Kuonda : Iwe ungangodaro usingade kurasikirwa nehuremu hwakawanda sezvaunofunga. A kudzidza kwakaburitswa mu2019 vakawana kuti vanhu vane Type 2 chirwere cheshuga avo vakadzora huremu hwemuviri ne10% mukati memakore mashanu ekuziva kwavo vakawana kuregererwa kubva kuchirwere. Shanda nemubatsiri wehutano kuti uuye nechinangwa chekudzikira uremu. Shanda nenyanzvi yezvokudya kana chiremba kuti ubatsire kugadzira chirongwa chinogoneka chekudya.
• Ronga grocery kunotenga uye kudya : Kudya uchienda kazhinji kunosanganisira chikafu chisina hutano. Tora nguva yekuronga chikafu uye ushandise izvo kugadzira runyorwa rwekutengesa zvine hutano.
• Usasvetuke kudya kwemangwanani : TO kudzidza kwakabudiswa mumagazini Kufutisa vakawana kuti vanhu vaidya chikafu chikuru chamangwanani chakapfuma mumapuroteni nemafuta vakabatsira kudzikisa A1C uye BP.
• Idya chikafu chine hutano nezvakakodzera zvikamu : Vavarira hafu yeplate yako kuti ive yakaderera-starch miriwo, imwe-yechina yakashata protein, uye imwe-yechina yakazara zviyo. Mashuga eropa anogona kuwedzera kana iwe uchidya zvinopfuura izvo muviri wako unoda Shandisa zviyero zvekudya uye kuyera makapu nezvipunu kuona kuti zvikamu zvakakodzera.
• Chengetedza kudya kwemahydrohydrate : Idya carbs ane fiber yakawandisa uye zvinovaka muviri, senge zviyo zvizere, michero yese nemiriwo, uye nyemba. Dzivisa ma carbs singi, makeke, chena chingwa, mupunga, uye pasita.
• Gara pane chirongwa chekudya: Vamwe vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga vanoona zviri nani kudya panguva imwechete zuva rega rega. Mimwe mishonga yeshuga kana jekiseni zvinogona kukonzera shuga yeropa kudonha zvakanyanya kana iwe ukasvetuka chikafu, sekureva kwe NIDDK . Taura nemupi wezvehutano kana iwe usina chokwadi kuti ndeipi yakanyanya kunaka chirongwa chekudya. Nyanzvi yezvekudya zvinovaka muviri, chiremba wezvekudya zvinovaka muviri, kana mudzidzisi ane chirwere cheshuga (CDE) anogona kukubatsira iwe kuwana chikafu chakakodzera.

Mararamiro anochinja

• Rovedza muviri nguva dzose : Ose maviri maeerobic uye ekudzivirira kudzidziswa anobatsira kudzora glycemic control, sekureva kwa kudzidza kwakaburitswa mu2016 . Kurovedza muviri kunovandudza kudzora glucose muropa, kunoderedza njodzi yemwoyo, kunopa kudzikira, uye kunatsiridza hutano. Kune vanhu vane prediabetes , kugara uchirovedza muviri kunogona kudzivirira kana kunonoka Type 2 chirwere cheshuga kukura.
• Ramba Uchifamba : Kuchengeta kushingaira kunoita kuti muviri uve nehanya ne insulin, zvinoenderana neCentre for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC ). Kunyangwe kugara uchirovedza muviri kuchikosha, kuita kwezuva nezuva kunoonekwawo kunge kuri pakati nepakati-kusimba chiitiko chemuviri Mabasa ezuva nezuva anosanganisira gadheni, kufamba, kutamba, kucheka uswa, kushambira, uye kunyange kuita basa remumba.
• Funga zvekuwedzera: Iko kune kushomeka kutsvagurika kwekuti zvinowedzera uye mahebhu anogona kubatsira kudzikisa shuga yeropa. Semuenzaniso, a ongororo yakaburitswa muna 2013 yakaedzwa aloe vera yeshuga mumakonzo uye ikawana inogona kubatsira. Kuwedzera, a kudzidza kwakaburitswa mu2017 vakawana vanhu vane prediabetes avo vaishandisa hupfu fenugreek mhodzi vaive nemikana shoma yekuwana chirwere cheshuga. Uye kunyangwe hazvo humbowo huchipesana, a meta-ongororo yakaitwa mu2013 yakawanikwa ichidya sinamoni zvakanyanya kudzikira glucose. Iyo ADA haina kukurudzira sinamoni yekudzora glucose, uye haifanire kunge iri yekutanga-kurapwa kurapwa. Nguva dzose taura nemupi wezvehutano usati watora zvinowedzera.

Kugadziriswa kwepfungwa

• Shandisa matanho ekugadzirisa matambudziko: TO kudzidza kwakaburitswa mu2018 vakawana kuti kushandisa kufunga kudzikisa kushushikana kwakakonzera kudzikira kwemazinga eA1C pamwe nekuwedzera hutano uye hutano huzhinji.
• Dzivisa zvirevo zvekuramba : Kuramba kunogona kutora mafomu mazhinji, sekureva kwe PANE . Dzivisa kutaura (kana kufunga) zvinhu zvakaita sekuti, Kurumwa kamwe hakukuvadze, handina nguva yekudya ndakagwinya nhasi, kana Chirwere changu cheshuga hachisi chakakomba.
• Batana nevamwe vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga : Kunzwa wega kunogona kuita kuti zvive zvinonetsa kunamatira kuchirongwa chekurapa. Tsvaga iri-yemunhu rutsigiro boka kana tsvaga imwe online. Kubatana nevamwe vanhu vari mumamiriro akafanana kunogona kupa rutsigiro, kutungamira, uye kuzvidavirira.

Rangarira, A1C bvunzo dzinoyera huwandu hweshuga yeropa kwemwedzi mitatu. Hupenyu uye chikafu chinoshanduka chinotora mwedzi yakati wandei usati waita zvine mutsindo.