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Chirwere cheshuga nhamba 2021

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Chirwere cheshuga muunganidzwa wezvirwere zvinoratidzwa nekukwira kweropa glucose. Kune akawanda marudzi eshuga, asi imwe neimwe inosanganisira kutadza kwemuviri kushandisa glucose yesimba. Nehurombo, chirwere cheshuga chiri kuwedzera kuwanda muAmerica nepasirese. Zvakapararira sei? Verenga pamusoro penyika dzese uye U.S. mashuga stats uye chokwadi.

Chii chinonzi chirwere cheshuga?

Glucose chikamu chakakosha pamabasa edu ezuva nezuva. Mitumbi yedu inoishandisa simba, asi izvo zvinoda hormone inonzi insulin, inogadzirwa nepancreas. Insulini yakafanana netekisi yetsvigiri yeropa — inotora glucose kubva muropa yoinangisa kumasero edu, ayo anopedzisa basa nekuchichinja kuita simba. Kana mumwe munhu aine chirwere cheshuga, muviri wake haugone kuburitsa kana kushandisa insulini zvinobudirira, izvo zvinosiya glucose yakawanda muropa ravo.

RELATED: Yakawanda sei insulini?

Ishuga yakadii?

Chirwere cheshuga ndechimwe chezvirwere zvinokurumidza kukura pasi rese. Yakapararira zvakadii? Ngatitarisei.

Muna 1980, vanhu vanosvika mamirioni 108 pasi rese vane chirwere cheshuga. Pakazosvika 2014, nhamba iyoyo yakanga yakwira kusvika pamamiriyoni makumi mana nemaviri. (World Hutano Sangano [WHO], 2020)
Inofungidzirwa kuti vanhu vakuru mazana manomwe emamiriyoni pasi rose vanozove vaine chirwere cheshuga panosvika gore ra2045. (International Diabetes Federation [IDF], 2020)
China ine nhamba yepamusoro yeshuga nhoroondo pasi rese, iine mamirioni gumi nematanhatu vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga. Ichitevera China iIndia (vanhu zviuru makumi manomwe nemanomwe vane chirwere cheshuga) kozoti United States (mamirioni makumi matatu nevanhu vane chirwere cheshuga). (IDF Chirwere cheshuga Atlas, 2019)

Chirwere cheshuga muAmerica

Vanopfuura mamirioni makumi matatu nemana emamamerica vane chirwere cheshuga, icho chiri chingangoita 11% yehuwandu hweUS. (Nzvimbo dzeDziviriro Kudzora nekudzivirira [CDC], 2020)
Mamwe masekonzi gumi nemanomwe, muAmerica anoonekwa aine chirwere cheshuga. ( IAmerican Journal yeManaged Care, 2018)
Kune mamirioni 1.5 mamirioni matsva echirwere cheshuga muUnited States gore rega rega. (American Diabetes Association [ADA], 2020)

Chirwere cheshuga nehurumende

Iyo nyika ine yepamusoro muzana yevakuru vane chirwere cheshuga vanoonekwa ndeiyi:

West Virginia (15.7%)
Mississippi (14.8%)
Alabama (14%)
Tennessee (13.8%)
Arkansas (13.6%)
Maodzanyemba Carolina (13.4%)
Kentucky (13.3%)
Dunhu reColumbia (12.8%)
Louisiana (14.1%)
Texas (12.6%)
Indiana (12.4%)

Iyo nyika ine yakaderera muzana muzana yevakuru vane chirwere cheshuga vanoonekwa ndeiyi:

Colorado (7%)
Kuenda (7.3%)
Montana (7.6%)
Kurarama (7.8%)
Utah (8%)
Nyika yeMassachusetts (8.4%)
Oregon (8.6%)
Wisconsin (8.7%)
Vermont (8.7%)
Delaware (8.7%)

(Mamiriro Ehutano hwehucheche *, 2020)
* Huwandu hwacho ndohwezviitiko zvevakuru, zvakagadziriswa munaGunyana 2020

Chirwere cheshuga nerudzi

Kune mhando ina dzechirwere cheshuga:

Tora 1 chirwere cheshuga: Kurwisa kwekuzvimiririra kwepancreas maseru kunovamisa kubva mukugadzira insulin, saka vanhu vane Rudzi rwekutanga vanoda kutora insulin kupfura zuva rega rega. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, Type 1 chirwere cheshuga chinoonekwa mukati vana uye vechidiki, asi inogona kuratidzawo kune vanhu vakuru.
Tora 2 chirwere cheshuga: Vanhu vane Type 2 vanogona kuburitsa insulin, asi miviri yavo inozviramba. Kana shuga yeropa ikagara yakakwira, rwatata rwunoramba ruchipomba insulin, uye pakupedzisira maseru anowedzerwa. Rudzi rwechipiri ndiyo yakajairika mhando yechirwere cheshuga uye imwe inowanzo kukura muvanhu vakuru; zvisinei, chiyero cheType 2 chirwere cheshuga muvana chiri kuwedzera .
Gestational chirwere cheshuga: Rudzi urwu runongowanikwa mumadzimai akazvitakura uye runowanzoenda mushure mekusununguka; zvisinei, hafu yevakadzi vane gestational chirwere cheshuga vanozoita Type 2 chirwere cheshuga gare gare muhupenyu. Kurapa kunosanganisira chirongwa chinokurudzirwa nachiremba-chirongwa uye chirongwa chekudya. Dzimwe nguva zuva nezuva kuyerwa kweropa glucose uye majekiseni e insulin inodiwa.
Prediabetes: Prediabetes haisi technically chirwere cheshuga. Izvo zvakanyanya kufanana neyekutanga. A prediabetic yeropa reropa glucose rinogara riine pamusoro peavhareji, asi kwete rakakwira zvakakwana kuti igone kuzara chirwere cheshuga kuongororwa. Vanhu vane prediabetes inogona kubatsira kudzivirira Rudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga kuburikidza nekushandisa kudya kunovaka muviri, kuwedzerwa chiitiko chemuviri, uye kushungurudzika manejimendi.

Heano maitiro akawandisa mhando dzese yechirwere cheshuga.

Pakati pemamiriyoni makumi maviri nemana makumi maviri nematanhatu ekuUnited States vane chirwere cheshuga, vangangoita mamirioni 7.3 yeavo vasina kuongororwa. (ADA, 2020)
Anofungidzirwa vanhu vakuru makumi masere nemasere vane prediabetes, 34.5% yevakuru veU.S. (CDC, 2020)
Vanenge 7% yevakadzi vane nhumbu vanogadzira gestational chirwere cheshuga. (Kurume weDimes, 2019)
Hafu yevakadzi vane gestational chirwere cheshuga ichaenderera mberi nekukudziridza Type 2 chirwere cheshuga gare gare muhupenyu. (CDC, 2019)
1,6 mamirioni eAmerica ane Type 1 chirwere cheshuga, chinosanganisira 187,000 vana nevechiri kuyaruka. (ADA, 2020)
Inenge 90% kusvika 95% yeavo ese eU.S. kesi dzeshuga ari Type 2. (CDC, 2019)

Chirwere cheshuga nezera

Kune hukuru hwakanyanya hwechirwere cheshuga pakati pemapoka akura zera, kunyanya kune Type 2 chirwere cheshuga, icho chinotora nguva yakareba kukura.

Pakati pevaAmerica vane chirwere cheshuga, 3.6 mamirioni vane makore 18 kusvika 44, 11.7 miriyoni vane makumi mana kusvika makumi matanhatu nemana, uye mamirioni 11.5 vakura kupfuura makumi matanhatu. (CDC, 2020)
Kune mazana maviri nemakumi maviri ezviuru ezviitiko zvechirwere cheshuga pakati pevana nevechiri kuyaruka vari pasi pe20, kusanganisira 187,000 kesi dzeType 1 chirwere cheshuga. (CDC, 2020)
Pakati pevaAmerica vane chirwere cheshuga chisingawanikwe, mamirioni 1,4 ane gumi nemasere kusvika makumi mana, mamirioni 3.1 ari makumi mana kusvika makumi matanhatu nemana, uye mamirioni 2.9 akura kupfuura makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu (CDC, 2020)
Vanenge mamirioni makumi maviri nemana makumi maviri nemaviri evakuru vane makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu zvichikwira vane prediabetes. (CDC, 2020)

Chirwere cheshuga nerudzi uye dzinza

Kuwanda kweshuga kunosiyanawo pakati pemarudzi akasiyana uye madzinza. Heano maitiro ezana rechirwere cheshuga rinoonekwa.

MaIndia eAmerica / Alaska Vagari vemo: 14.7%
Hispanics: 12.5%
Vasiri-maSpanish vatema: 11.7%
Asiya vekuAmerica: 9.2%
Vasiri-veSpanish vachena: 7.5%

(ADA, 2020)

Uye huwandu hwevanhu vane prediabetes yakaonekwa ndeinotevera:

Vasiri-veSpanish vachena: 54.8 mamirioni
Hispanics: 14.6 mamirioni
Vasiri-veSpanish Vatema: 11.4 mamirioni
Asia -America: mamirioni mashanu

(CDC, 2020)

Kazhinji chirwere cheshuga

Chirwere cheshuga hachisi chirwere chinopedza simba. Vanhu vazhinji vane chirwere cheshuga vanogona vachiri kuita zvese zvavanofarira zviitiko, chero bedzi vachirarama hupenyu hune hutano. Zvisinei, kurarama nechirwere cheshuga idambudziko rezuva nezuva, anodaro Sharita E.Warfield, MD , bhodhi-rakasimbiswa emergency emergency chiremba uye muvambi uye CEO weWarfield Medical Group. [Mumwe munhu] anogona kusarudza kusangana nedambudziko musoro-on uye kuita mararamiro anodikanwa uye shanduko yekudya kana kuenda pakurarama nekudya nenzira yavanayo nekuti havanzwe zvakashata.

Avo vanosarudza kuita shanduko vanofanirwa kubvunza mibvunzo senge, Iro rakawandisa carbs nguva dzese here? Yakawedzera shuga here? Ndiri kuwana fiber yakakwana here? Ipapo, ivo vanofanirwa kuona maitiro ekuwedzera mukurovedza muviri, nzira dzekukanganisa, uye maitiro ekudzivirira zvinhu zvine chepfu semushonga kana doro kana zvinhu zvine shuga izvo vazhinji vanotendeukira kunyaradzo. Kwete izvozvo chete, asi munhu anorarama nechirwere cheshuga anofanirawo kuyeuka kunotora insulin, mapiritsi emuromo, kana zvese zviri zviviri, uye kutarisa mashuga eropa ravo zuva nezuva. Zvinogona kutaridza sebasa rakawanda, asi dzimwe nzira dzinofungisisa. Chirwere cheshuga chinogona kukonzera mamwe matambudziko akakomba ehutano, akadai seanotevera:

Mumwe muvashanu vakabvunzurudzwa vakapindura kuti zviratidzo zvavo zvakadzora hupenyu hwavo hwese. Ava vakapindura vakataurawo kuti vane chirwere cheitsvo uye chisina-doro doro mafuta chiropa chirwere. (MumwecheteCare, 2020)
Muna 2017, chirwere cheshuga chaive chikonzero chechinomwe chekuAmerica chekufa. Yakanga yakanyorwa senzira huru yekufa pazvitupa zverufu 83,564 uye yakataurwa pazvitupa 270,702. (ADA, 2020)
Vakuru vane chirwere cheshuga vane huviri kana hutatu hwakawedzera njodzi yekurwadziwa kwemoyo uye kurohwa. (WHO, 2020)
Paive nemamiriyoni gumi nematanhatu emamiririri ane chekuita neshuga ane chekuita nechimbichimbi muna 2016 pakati pevakuru vane makore gumi nemasere kana kupfuura. (CDC, 2020)
Pakange paine 7.8 mamirioni ekuburitswa muchipatara ane chirwere cheshuga chakataurwa sekuongororwa. Pakati pezvakaburitswa, mamirioni 1.7 akanyorwawo hosha yemoyo, kusanganisira 438,000 ischemic hosha yemoyo uye 313,000 sitiroko. (CDC, 2020)
Pakati pevakuru veUS vane makore gumi nemasere kana kupfuura vaine chirwere cheshuga, vanofungidzirwa kuti 37% vaivewo nechirwere cheitsvo chisingaperi. (CDC, 2020)
Chirwere cheshuga retinopathy (kukuvara kwenguva yakareba kumitsipa yeropa) kunokonzera 2.6% yekurasikirwa kwekuona pasirese. (WHO, 2020)
85% yemakumbo epasi rose kudimburwa migumisiro yechirwere cheshuga chetsoka. ( IAmerican Journal yeManaged Care, 2018)
VaAfrica vekuAmerica vane mukana wakawanda zvakapetwa kana pane vachena kuve nekuchekwa-zvine chekuita neshuga. ( IAmerican Journal yeManaged Care, 2018)
Mazuva ese, mazana maviri nemaAmerica vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga vanoda kutemwa. ( IAmerican Journal yeManaged Care, 2018)

RELATED: Chirwere cheshuga nemishonga

Mutengo wechirwere cheshuga

Mu2020, 54% yevakabvunzurudzwa vakapindura vakabhadhara muhomwe kune kwavo kwese kurapwa kwavo chirwere cheshuga. (MumwecheteCare, 2020)
I2017 inofungidzirwa mutengo wehutachiona hwechirwere cheshuga muUS yaive $ 327 bhiriyoni. (ADA, 2020)
Kubva muna2012 kusvika 2017, vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga vakaona mari yavo yekuwedzera yekurapa ichiwedzera kubva pamadhora mazana mana nemakumi mana nemana kusvika pamazana mapfumbamwe emadhora. (CDC, 2020)
1 kubva kumana mana emadhora ekuchengetedza hutano anoshandiswa muU.S. ndeyekurapa chirwere cheshuga. (ADA, 2018)
Paavhareji, mari yekurapwa kwevanhu vane chirwere cheshuga inodarika kakapetwa kaviri kupfuura zvaizove kana vasina chirwere cheshuga. (ADA, 2020)

Kudzivirira chirwere cheshuga

Nyora 2 chirwere cheshuga chakapararira zvisingaite, asi chinofadza ndechekuti inogona kudzivirirwa (uye prediabetes inogona kudzoserwa ). Nzira yakanakisa yekuzvichengeta ndeyokurarama hupenyu hune hutano, zvinoreva kudya kwakaringana uye kurovedza muviri nguva dzose.

Chirwere cheshuga chinogona kuwedzera njodzi yekudonha. Munhu mukuru ane chirwere cheshuga ane makore anodarika makumi matanhatu nemashanu ane mikana gumi neshanu yekudonha pane wechidiki asina chirwere cheshuga. (UC Berkeley Chikoro cheHuzhinji Hutano, 2017) Boka kurovedza muviri rinogona kudzikisa kudonha ne28% kusvika 29%. ( Chirwere cheshuga, 2016)
Vanhu vakarasikirwa ne5% kusvika ku7% uremu hwemuviri uye vakawedzera maminetsi zana nemakumi mashanu ekurovedza muviri pasvondo vakadzora njodzi yavo yekukura Type 2 chirwere cheshuga kusvika 58%, uye kusvika 71% kune vanhu vakura kupfuura makumi matanhatu. )
Kuramba kurovedza (kushandisa mahurema emahara, michina yekuremera, mabhendi ekudzivirira, nezvimwewo) yakawedzera simba muvanhu vakuru vane Type 2 chirwere cheshuga ne50% uye yakavandudzwa A1C ne0.57%. ( Chirwere cheshuga, 2016)
Vakadzi vechirwere cheshuga vairovedza kanenge maawa mana pasvondo vaive ne40% njodzi yakaderera yekubatwa nechirwere chemoyo pane avo vasina kurovedza muviri. (Harvard)

Zvimwe zvinhu zvine njodzi hazvidziviriki, asi zvimwe hazvisi. Kuzvipira kune tsika dzakanaka kunobatsira kubvisa mazhinji acho. Pamusoro peumwe neumwe, vanhu vanogona kudzivirira kana kurebesa kutanga kwechirwere cheshuga kana Type 2 chirwere cheshuga nekuchengetedza huremu hune hutano, kudya kudya kunovaka muviri, nekushandisa maminetsi zana nemakumi matatu kusvika mazana matatu pasvondo rekuita zvine mwero, Dr Warfield vanodaro. Kugamuchira hunhu hunochinja pakutanga kwehupenyu kunobatsira kuvandudza hupenyu hwehupenyu uye kudzivirira kutanga kwechirwere cheshuga, icho chinopedzisira chaendesa kune Rudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga kana pasina chakaitwa.

Chirwere cheshuga mibvunzo nemhinduro

Vangani vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga?

Sekureva kweCDC, vanhu mazana mana nemakumi mana nematatu vakuru vane chirwere cheshuga pasirese. MuUnited States moga, vanhu vakuru mamirioni 34.2 vane chirwere cheshuga, 10.5% yevagari.

Ndeapi huwandu ane huwandu hwakanyanya hwechirwere cheshuga?

MuUS, maIndia eAmerica / maAlaska maNative vane mwero wepamusoro weshuga pa14,7%, sekureva kweADA.

Iko kuitika kweshuga kuri kuwedzera?

Pakati pa1990 na2010, huwandu hwevanhu vanorarama nechirwere cheshuga hwakapetwa katatu uye huwandu hwezviitiko zvitsva pagore zvakapetwa kaviri. Dare rekutsvagisa kuInstitute for Alternative Futures anofanotaura huwandu hwese hwevaAmerica vane chirwere cheshuga (kusanganisira chirwere cheshuga chisina kuongororwa) chichawedzera kubva pamamiriyoni makumi matatu nematanhatu muna2015 kusvika pamamiriyoni 54,9 muna 2030.

Ndeapi mamwe madiki manhamba evana vane chirwere cheshuga?

Chinonyanya kuzivikanwa seType 1 chirwere cheshuga, chirwere cheshuga cheshuga chinowanzoonekwa muvana uye chinotarisirwa nezuva nezuva insulin shots. Vanenge mamirioni 1,6 maAmerican vane Type 1 chirwere cheshuga, kusanganisira vechidiki zviuru mazana maviri, uye kune vangangoita zviuru makumi matanhatu nezvina zvezviitiko pagore. Sekureva kweJDRF, pakati pa2001 na2009, pakave nekuwedzera kwe21% muType 1 kuwanda kwechirwere cheshuga muvanhu vadiki pane makumi maviri.

Ndeapi muzana evanhu vane chirwere cheshuga vane Type 2 cheshuga?

Ruzhinji (90% kusvika 95%) rwevanhu vane chirwere cheshuga vane Type 2 diabetes.

Sei vanhu vachifa nechirwere cheshuga?

Vanhu havawanzo kufa nechirwere cheshuga zvakananga. Zvingangoita kuti mumwe munhu ane chirwere cheshuga afe kubva kumatambudziko nedzimwe nhengo. Semuenzaniso, shuga yepamusoro yeropa inogona kukuvadza itsvo kwenguva yakareba, zvichitungamira mukukanganisa itsvo. Uye sezvo chirwere cheshuga chichiwanzobatanidzwa nemamiriro ezvinhu emwoyo, kukundikana kwemoyo, uye sitiroko zvimwe zvezvikonzero zvinowanzoitika zvekufa kune vane chirwere cheshuga. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitika zveType 1 chirwere cheshuga, chirwere chinonzi chirwere cheshuga ketoacidosis (yakanyanya shuga yeropa) inogona kukonzera kufa kamwe kamwe.

Ndeapi kufa kunokonzerwa neshuga gore rega?

Chirwere cheshuga chakakonzera kufa kwemamirioni mazana mana nemakumi mana pasirese muna2019. Solely muUS, vanhu 83,564 vakafa nechirwere cheshuga muna 2017.

Vangani vanhu vanofungidzirwa kuti vane chirwere cheshuga mune ramangwana?

IDF inofungidzira kuti vanhu vanosvika mamirioni mazana manomwe pasi rese vane chirwere cheshuga na2045.

Chirwere cheshuga

Chirwere cheshuga chinoratidza zviratidzo zvehunhu hwehupenyu mu1 muvashanu varwere , Single
IDF chirwere cheshuga atlas , IDF
Dhiyabhorosi data uye nhamba , CDC
National cheshuga manhamba mushumo , CDC
Nyora 2 chirwere cheshuga , CDC
Nhamba yevaAmerican vane chirwere cheshuga vanofungidzirwa kuti vakapetwa kana katatu na2050 , CDC
Chirwere cheshuga , National Institutes of Hutano
Statistics nezve chirwere cheshuga , PANE
Gestational chirwere cheshuga , Kurume weDimes
Chirwere cheshuga muUnited States , Nyika Yehucheche Kufutisa
Kuwedzera kuziva kweNyika Chirwere cheshuga ichi chinogona kuponesa makumbo uye hupenyu , IAmerican Journal yeManaged Care
Mari yezvehupfumi yeshuga muUS mu2017 , Chirwere cheshuga neADA
Chirwere cheshuga , WHO
Chirwere cheshuga uye manhamba , IDF
Nyora 1 chirwere cheshuga chokwadi , JDRF (yaimbozivikanwa seJuvenile Diabetes Research Foundation)
Kukosha kwekusimbisa muviri kana uine chirwere cheshuga , Harvard
Nei chirwere cheshuga chichisimudza njodzi yako yekudonha , UC Berkeley Chikoro cheHuzhinji Hutano
Kubatanidzwa , Chirongwa cheshuga chekudzivirira chirwere cheshuga
Kuita muviri / kurovedza muviri uye chirwere cheshuga , Chirwere cheshuga neADA

Chirwere cheshuga nhamba 2021

Chii chinonzi chirwere cheshuga?