Chii chinokonzera pasi potasium?

Dzidzo yehutano

Iwe pasina mubvunzo wakanzwa kuti apuro pazuva rinochengeta chiremba kure. Asi zvakadini nebhanana pazuva? Muviri wako unoda potasium kuti ushande. Icho chimwe chezvakakosha zvicherwa zvehutano . Inobatsira kudzikamisa mwero wemuviri wako, inochengetedza muviri wako electrolyte system, inoderedza BP, uye inoderedza njodzi yako yekurohwa.

Nekudaro, kana zvasvika kune potasium, zvinhu zvine mwero.

Yakawandisa potasium, inonzi hyperkalemia, inogona kukonzera kushaya simba, kuneta, kurasikirwa kwemhasuru basa, uye kunonoka kurova kwemoyo. Potassium yakawandisa, inonzi hypokalemia, inogona kukonzeresa kushomeka kwemhasuru, kumonyoroka kwemhasuru, kurova kwehana, uye kugwinha-zvinogona zvakare kukonzeresa kuoma mitezo nekutadza kufema.

Kuderera kwe potassium kunogona kukonzera zvinetso zvakakomba zvehutano , kunge yakakwira BP uye itsvo matombo, ndosaka zvichibatsira kuziva maitiro ekuziva zviratidzo zvepotasium yakaderera uye chingave chiri kuchikonzera. Neraki, iwe unogona kazhinji kusimudza potasiamu mazinga iwe pachako kuburikidza nekudya uye kuwedzera . Hezvino izvo zvaunoda kuziva.

Chii chinonzi pasi potasium?

Low potasiamu mazinga ari potaziyamu mazinga ari pasi pe3.5 mEq / L; pasi pe2,5 mEq / L inogona kutyisidzira hupenyu. Akajairika potasiamu mazinga, kune vanhu vazhinji, ari pakati pe3.5 uye 5.0 mEq pa litita (mEq / L), zvinoenderana ne 2018 kiriniki yekuvandudza . Chero chipi zvacho chiri pamusoro pe5.0 mEq / L chinoonekwa chakakwirira, uye nhanho dziri pamusoro pe6.0 dzinogona kuva nenjodzi uye dzinogona kuda kurapwa nekukurumidza.

Ongorora: Hypokalemia haina kujairika mune vanhu vane yakajairika itsvo basa.

Vanhu vazhinji havaendi kwachiremba kune yakaderera potasiamu kana nekuti ivo vanofunga ivo hypokalemic. Kazhinji, inowanikwa kana iwe uine basa reropa rakaitwa nekuti iwe une zviratidzo zvechimwe chirwere, senge adrenal kusagadzikana, kana kana iwe uine chiito chebasa rebasa rakaitwa, izvo zvinowanzo kuve zvakakosha kana iwe ukatora diuretic.

Ndezvipi zvimwe zviratidzo zvepasi potasium?

Vanhu vazhinji havawani chero zviratidzo zve hypokalemia kusvikira yanyanya, uye huwandu hwe potassium hwaderera pasi pe3.0 mEq / L.

Vanhu vane zvine mwero potassium kushomeka vanogona kusangana:

• Kuzvimbirwa
• Tsvina kushaya simba
• Kuneta
• Kunzwa kwakawanda kwe malaise

Zviratidzo zvakakomba zvekushomeka kwe potassium zvinosanganisira:

• Tsvina dzinokakama
• Tsandanyama tsandanyama
• Tsvina kushaya simba
• Kuoma mitezo
• Abnormal moyo mutinhimira kana palpitations
• Zvinetso zveitsvo
• Kurasikirwa nechido, kusvotwa, uye kurutsa
• Bloating uye kupatira
• Kuneta
• Kuchera kana kuti chiveve
• Kuwedzera kweropa
• Kufenda

Hypokalemia inoonekwa sei?

Low potasium haizi kurwara pachezvayo, asi asi chiratidzo chechimiro chepasi kana chirwere. Kana pasi potasium ikaonekwa, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira kuwedzerwa kuyedzwa kuti uone chikonzero. Kuenderera mberi kuongororwa kweropa kunogona kutarisa glucose, magnesium, calcium, sodium, phosphorus, mahormone etachiona, uye aldosterone. Chiremba wako anogona zvakare kuraira iyo electrocardiogram (EKG) kutarisa mashandiro emagetsi mumoyo mako.

Pane zvinangwa zvina zvekutanga pakurapa mashoma potasiamu mazinga:

• Kuderedzwa kwe potassium kurasikirwa
• Kudzorerwa kwe potassium
• Kuongorora kwekukanganisa huturu
• Kutsunga kwechikonzero, kudzivirira zviitiko zvenguva yemberi

Izvo zvakare zvakakosha kurapa izvo zviri pasi pehutano mamiriro kana kubvisa icho chikonzero. Semuenzaniso, kana kunyanyisa kwekushandisa laxatives kunokonzeresa hypokalemia, ipapo kugadzirisa izvo zvepanyama kana zvepfungwa kudiwa kwema laxatives kunofanirwa kuve chikamu chehurongwa hwekurapa. Kana murwere achida diuretic, chiremba wavo anogona kukurukura zvinotsiva izvo zvinobvumidza potasium kuti irambe iri mumuviri (potassium-sparing diuretic) kana inogona kupa zvinyowani zve potassium.

Kune vanhu vane potasium yakanyanya, chiremba anogona kukurudzira kurapwa kwemushonga.

Chii chinokonzera pasi potasium?

Nepo potasiamu iri chikafu chatinowana kubva kuchikafu, chikafu chega hachiwanzokonzeresa hypokalemia. Kune zvikonzero zvinoverengeka zvinogona kukonzera hypokalemia uye vamwe vanhu vane njodzi yekushomeka. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• Kakawanda kurutsa kana manyoka (kusanganisira kubva kubulimia kana kushungurudzwa kwe laxative)
• Kuwedzera kudikitira
• Kunwa doro rakawandisa
• Chikafu chisina kunaka nezvimwe kushomeka kwehutano , senge magnesium kana folic acid kushomeka
• Matambudziko eAdrenal, akadai seCushing's disease
• Chirwere chetsvo chisingaperi
• Rare kusagadzikana, senge Liddle syndrome, Bartter's syndrome, Gitelman syndrome
• Leukemia
• Chirwere chekuputira ura
• Vanhu vane pica (kunyanya kana vachidya ivhu, sevhu rinosunga potasium mudumbu uye rinogona kukonzera kuwedzera kwe potassium)
• Vanhu vanotora mimwe mishonga, senge diuretics

Mishonga-inosimudzira hypokalemia

Mimwe mishonga inogona zvakare kukonzera yakaderera potasiamu mazinga, kusanganisira:

• Diuretics: Vanenge makumi masere muzana evanhu vanotora diuretics vane potassium kushomeka nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekuita weti. Diuretics, kana mapiritsi emvura, anogona kupihwa kune varwere vane yakakwira BP, moyo kutadza, uye chirwere cheitsvo. Dhiureti ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera hypokalemia.
• Laxatives: Laxatives inogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kwe potassium muchitsiko.
• Beta-adrenergic agonist zvinodhaka: Bronchodilators, steroids, kana theophylline (inoshandiswa asthma, emphysema, uye COPD) inogona kukanganisa serum potasium uye ropa rehuga mazinga.
• Mimwe mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya: Muzviyero zvakakura, mamwe maantibhakitiriya anogona kuwedzera potasium excretion kuburikidza neitsvo.
• Jekiseni: Makuru madhaidhi e insulin, ayo anogona kurapaHyperosmolarHyperglycemicNonketotic Syndrome(HHNS), mamiriro ane njodzi anokonzerwa neshuga yakakwira kwazvo yeropa,inowanzo kuwedzerwa ne intravenous potasium.

Potassium yakadzika ine njodzi here?

Hypokalemia inogona kubatsira, kana kukonzera zvimwe zvinhu zvehutano, zvinosanganisira:

• Kuwedzera kweropa
• Itsvo matombo
• Yakaderera mapfupa emaminera emagetsi
• Kushushikana kweglucose pamwe nenjodzi yakawedzera yekuvandudza mhando 2 chirwere cheshuga
• Urinary calcium kubuda
• Kunzwa kwemunyu

Akadzika kwazvo potasium mazinga anogona kukonzeresa zvakanyanya mamiriro ehutano, senge matambudziko emoyo mutinhimira, uye anogona kukonzera moyo wako kumira.

RELATED: 13 zviratidzo zvematambudziko emoyo zvakakosha kunetseka nezvazvo

Nzira yekusimudza potassium mazinga

Muzviitiko zvidiki zve hypokalemia, potasiamu mazinga anogona kuomarara mukati memazuva mashoma mushure mekunge iwe watanga kuwedzera kudya kwe potassium. Kuita shuwa kuti iwe unodya zvakakwana potasiamu-zvakapfuma zvekudya zuva rega rega kunogona kubatsira kusimudzira uye kuchengetedza hutano hwe potassium. Izvo zvinokurudzirwa zuva rega rega potassium, maererano ne National Zvikoro zveSainzi, Injiniya, uye Mishonga (NASEM) ndeaya:

• Vakuru vane hutano: 3,400 mg pazuva zvevarume, 2, 600 yevakadzi (makore gumi nemapfumbamwe zvichikwira)
• Vechidiki vane makore gumi nemasere kusvika gumi nemasere ekuberekwa: 3,000 mg murume, 2,300 mg mukadzi
• Vana vane makore 9 kusvika ku13: 2,500 mg murume, 2,300 mg mukadzi
• Vana vane makore 4 kusvika ku8: 2,300 mg murume, 2,300 mg mukadzi
• Vana vane makore 1 kusvika ku3: 2,000 mg yemurume nemukadzi
• Vacheche vane makore manomwe kusvika gumi nemaviri: 860 mg yevarume nevakadzi
• Kuberekwa kusvika pamwedzi mitanhatu: 400 mg yevarume nevakadzi

Zvokudya zvine potassium

Idzo shanu chikafu chakakwirira kwazvo mu potassium mazinga ndeaya:

Chikafu chePotassium	Kushumira saizi	Huwandu hwe potassium	Peresenti kukosha kwezuva nezuva *
Maapurikoti akaomeswa	½ mukombe	1,101 mg	32.3% -42.3%
Nyemba dzakabikwa	1 mukombe	731 mg	21.5% -28.1%
Prunes dzakaomeswa	½ mukombe	699 mg	20.5% -26.8%
Mashed acorn squash	1 mukombe	644 mg	18.9% -24.7%
Vakaomeswa	½ mukombe	618 mg	18.1% -23.7%

* Kwevakuru

Zvimwe zvepamusoro-potassium chikafu zvinosanganisira:

• Mbatatisi dzakabikwa
• Itsvo bhinzi
• Maorenji / jisi reOrange
• Soybeans
• Mabhanana
• Makotapeya
• Bazi
• Makarotsi
• Mukaka
• Peanut butter
• Salmoni
• Sipinachi
• Madomasi
• Gorosi utachiona

Potassium inowedzera

Nzira yakanakisa yekusimudza potasiamu nekukurumidza kutora potasiamu yekuwedzera, mazhinji acho anowanikwa pamusoro-pekutengesa, anodaro. Linda Girgis , MD, chiremba-akasimbiswa wemhuri chiremba muchivande tsika muSouth River, New Jersey. Kana iyo nhanho yasvika padanho rakajairwa, iwe unogona kukwanisa kumisa zvinowedzerwa uye chengetedza potasiamu mazinga kuburikidza nekudya.

Kutora zvinowedzera, zvisinei, zvinogona kuva nenjodzi. Potasiamu zvinowedzera zvinogona kukonzera mudiki mudumbu mhedzisiro mhedzisiro kana akanyanya akanyanya mazinga e potasium.

Kuva ne potassium mazinga akanyanya kwazvo kunogona kungova nengozi sekuderera kwadzakaita. Chero zvakanyanyisa zvinogona kutungamira kune yemoyo arrhythmias uye mamwe matambudziko, anodaro Dr. Girgis. Zvakanakisisa kushanda nachiremba wako kana uchitora zvinowedzera kuitira kuti mazinga ako e potassium aongororwe kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti vari munzvimbo yakachengeteka.

Over-the-counter zvinowedzera zvinogona kunge zvisina kukwana kana yako potasiyamu nhanho yakanyanya kuderera.Iyo FDA inoganhurira zvinowedzera kusvika isingasvike 100 mg ye potassium, inova chikamu chidiki chezuva nezuva rinokurudzirwa kudya. Vanachiremba vanokwanisa kupa potassium inowedzera kune varwere vane hypokalemia.

Kune zvakare mamwe akatiwandei akasiyana marudzi e potassium anowedzera:

• Potassium chloride
• Potassium citrate
• Potasium phosphate
• Potassium bicarbonate
• Potassium aspartate

Zvinogona kuve zvinonetsa kuziva kuti ndeipi mhando yeakanakisa potasium ekuwedzera iwe. Potassium chloride inonyanya kushandiswa kune vanhu vane potassium isina kukwana, sekureva kwaDr. Girgis, Potassium phosphate inobatsira kana murwere ariwo phosphate isina kukwana. Kana murwere akajairwa neitsvo mabwe, potassium citrate inogona kubatsira sezvo iyo citrate inogona kunamatira kune calcium mumurini, ichidzivirira kugadzirwa kwekristaro. Anokurudzira kutsvaga zano rekurapa usati watora chero chinowedzera.