FDA inobvumira Ervebo, mushonga wekutanga Ebola
NhauMukubvumidzwa kwenhoroondo, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yakazivisa kupihwa chiratidzo kweErbobo, mushonga wekutanga wepasi rose weEbola kudzivirira uye kudzivirira kubva kuEbola chirwere chehutachiona (EVD).
Chii chinonzi Ebola?
Ebola chirwere chinotapukira zvikuru. Inopararira kuburikidza nekubata kwakanangana neropa, mvura yemumuviri, uye zvinyama zvemhuka zvine hutachiona kana vanhu-uye inogona kutopfuudzwa kuburikidza nekubatana nepamusoro uye zvigadzirwa (senge zvekuvata kana zvipfeko) zvakashatiswa nemvura. Utachiona hune nguva yekudzivirira inotangira pamazuva maviri kusvika makumi maviri nerimwe (kazhinji mazuva masere kusvika gumi). Zvino, kutanga kwezviratidzo kunogona kungoerekana kwaitika uye kunosanganisira kupisa fivha, kuneta, kurwadziwa kwemhasuru, kurwadziwa nemusoro, uye huro. Zviratidzo izvi zvinoteverwa nekurutsa, manyoka, mapundu, kukanganiswa kweitsvo nechiropa, uye - mune zvimwe zviitiko - kubuda kweropa mukati nekunze.
Chirwere chehutachiona cheEbola chakaunzwa kuruzhinji rweAmerica mushure mebhuku raRichard Preston rinotengesa zvakanyanya risiri rekunyepedzera, Nzvimbo Inopisa , rakabudiswa muna 1994 — richiratidza mavambo nezvinoitika zvehosha yehutachiona hweEbola muSouth Africa yeSahara. Asi EVD yakasimbisa kuputika kuri kutambudza vanhu kubva kuma1970. Sekureva kweFDA, kuputika kuGuinea, Liberia, neSierra Leone (kwakatangira kubva muna2014 kusvika 2016) kwakakonzera zviitiko zvinopfuura makumi maviri nemasere ezviuru zveEVD uye vanopfuura zviuru gumi nezviviri vakafa. Parizvino, iyo Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) iri kusangana nepasirese yechipiri pakukura kweEVD.
Kune mushonga wekudzivirira Ebola here?
Ebola hutachiona chirwere chisingawanzo asi chakakomba uye kazhinji chinouraya chisingazive miganhu, Peter Marks, MD, Ph.D., director weCDAA's Center yeBiologics Kuongorora nekutsvaga, anodaro mune nhau kuburitswa . Kubaya nhomba kwakakosha kubatsira kudzivirira kuputika uye kumisa hutachiona hweEbola kubva pakupararira kana hutachiona hukaitika.
Uye ndipo panopinda Ervebo. Mushonga wekudzivirira Ebola - uyo unogadzirwa nekambani yemishonga Merck & Co, Inc. - unopihwa sejekiseni rimwe chete. Mushonga unorarama, wakadzivirirwa wakagadzirwa nemajini kuti uve neproteinisi kubva kuZaire ebolavirus.
Kugadzira mushonga weEbola
Basa rekudzivirira mushonga weEbola rakatanga mugore ra2004, asi pakanga pasisina kusvika pakatanga kuputika mukati megore ra2010 apo nzira yekuongorora nekubvumidza Ervebo yakanyanya kukosheswa.
Muna 2018, World Health Organisation (WHO) yakatanga kushandisa Ervebo semushonga mushure mekunge FDA yapa Breakthrough Therapy kudoma mushonga. Izvi zvakabatsira kusimudzira uye kuongorora kwesainzi kwemushonga uye kwakatendera kuti mushonga ushandiswe pasi pechirongwa chakawedzerwa chekubatsira kubatsira kudzikamisa kuputika kweDRC
Mune ongororo yakaitwa panguva yegore ra2014-2016 kuputika kuGuinea, Ervebo akange akatsunga kuita zana muzana pakubata mukudzivirira zviitiko zveEbola zvine chiratidzo chinotanga kupfuura mazuva gumi mushure mekubaiwa. Kuchengeteka kwaErbobo kwakadzidzwa muvarwere zviuru gumi nezvishanu muAfrica, Europe neNorth America. Mhedzisiro yakajairika zvakanyanya yaive jekiseni saiti kusagadzikana, kurwadziwa nemusoro, kupisa muviri, kurwadziwa kwemhasuru uye kuneta.
Asi cherekedza, Ervebo anoshanda chete kurwisa Zaire strain yeEbola - sekureva kwaMerck.
Uye ikozvino, kubaiwa hutachiona kwakabvumidzwa kudzivirira Ebola hutachiona chirwere (EVD), inokonzerwa neZaire ebolavirus mune vanhu vane makore gumi nemasere ekuberekwa nekure. Pamberi pemvumo iyi, mushonga weEbola hutachiona waigona kungoshandiswa mukukurumidzira, sekumuka kwazvino, akadaro Dr. John Dye, mukuru wehutachiona hwehutachiona kuUS Army Medical Research Institute yeInfectious Diseases.
Nekubvumidzwa kwayo, Ervebo inogona kushandiswa senzira inoshanda yekudzivirira kubatsira kumisa kuputika kubva mukuitika, panzvimbo pekugona chete kupindura pavanodaro.
Kubvumidzwa kwanhasi idanho rakakosha mukuenderera kwedu nekuedza kurwisa Ebola mukubatana pamwe nevatinoshanda navo muDhipatimendi reUtano neHuman Services, pamwe nevatinoshanda navo pasi rose, vakadai seWorld Health Organisation, Anna Abram, FDA Deputy Commissioner we Policy, Mitemo, uye International Affairs, inodaro mukuburitswa kwenhau. Kuedza uku, kusanganisira kwanhasi kubvumidzwa kwakakosha, kunoratidza kuzvipira kusingazungunuke kweDAA pakushandisa hunyanzvi hwedu kufambisa kukura nekuwanika kwezvigadzirwa zvekurapa zvakachengeteka uye zvinobudirira kugadzirisa zvinodiwa zvehutano zveveruzhinji nekurwisa zvirwere zvinotapukira.
Mushonga weEbola unowanikwa rini?
Sekureva kweshoko rakaburitswa naMerck, majekiseni ekudzivirira hutachiona hweEbola angangove agadzirira panopera 2020. Iyo kambani yemishonga ichashanda neWorld Health Organisation, UNICEF, hurumende yeUS, naGavi (iyo Vaccine Alliance) kuona nzira dzekuparadzira yemushonga.
