Kuru >> Nhau >> Schizophrenia nhamba 2021

Schizophrenia nhamba 2021

Nhau

Izwi rekuti schizophrenia rinobva kumavambo echiGiriki, riine schizo richireva kupatsanurwa uye kupora zvinoreva pfungwa. Schizophrenia yakasiyana ne dissociative chitupa chirwere, yaimbozivikanwa sekuparadzaniswa kwehunhu kusagadzikana, inova pfungwa isiriyo. Kune akawanda zviratidzo zvechichichiphrenia, uye vanhu vanogona kuzviona nenzira dzakasiyana. Schizophrenia Statistics inoratidza kuti chirwere chakakomba chepfungwa chinowanzoitika mukukura uye kunyangwe hazvo zviratidzo zvakatonyanya pakutanga kwechimiro, kurapwa kweschizophrenia inowanikwa uye inoshanda.

Chii chinonzi schizophrenia?

Schizophrenia chirwere chisingaperi uye chakakomba chepfungwa chinokanganisa pfungwa dzemunhu, manzwiro, uye maitiro. Dambudziko iri rinokanganisa maonero emunhu nezvechokwadi, kudyidzana munharaunda, uye maitiro ekufunga. Zviratidzo zvechichichiphrenia zvinosanganisira kuona zvisipo - izvo zvinogona kunge zviri zvekuona kana zvekunzwika (kuona zvinhu zvisipo, manzwi ekunzwa) - kunyengera, kukanganisika kwekuziva kunoratidzira senzira isina kujairika yekufunga kana kutaura zvisina kurongeka, uye kunetseka muhukama hwemagariro. Masayendisiti akawana kuti kumwe kusaenzana kwemakemikari muuropi, maitiro ehunhu, uye zvinhu zvakatipoteredza senge kushushikana kwehupenyu hwepakutanga zvikonzero zvine njodzi yeschizophrenia. Iyo mhando huru ye schizophrenia inosanganisira paranoid schizophrenia, catatonic schizophrenia, undifferentiated schizophrenia, uye schizoaffective kusagadzikana.

Tsvagiridzo inoratidza musanganiswa wemuviri, magene, zvepfungwa, uye zvakatipoteredza zvinhu zvinogona kuita kuti munhu awedzere kukura mamiriro, anodaro Judy Ho | , Ph.D., kiriniki yeuropyopsychologist iri muCalifornia uye inomiririra SuperCharged Hupenyu podcast. Mamiriro acho anomhanya mumhuri, asi hapana rimwe geni rakawanikwa riine mhosva.

Schizophrenia zviratidzo

Zviratidzo zvisina kunaka ndidzo dzinobvisa hunhu kana maitiro anoonekwa seanowanzoitika. Melissa Mueller-Douglas , LMSW, chiremba paYunivhesiti yeRochester Medical Center's Strong Ties Project ACT Team inotsanangura izvi zviratidzo:

Urombo hwekutaura: Kutaura kushoma kana kupa pfupi-mhinduro kumibvunzo.
Anhedonia: Kushaikwa kwekunakidzwa kubva kuzvinhu zvavaimbofarira, kudzikira zvido. Izvi zvinotungamira mukuderera kubatanidzwa munharaunda yemunhu, kukanganisa hupenyu hwehupenyu.
Kukanganisa kushomeka: Iyo yakanyanya kuderedzwa kusimba mukutaura kwemanzwiro. Izvi zvinogona kukanganisa hukama hwehukama nemhuri uye neshamwari.
Kusava nechikurudziro: Munhu anogona kunge asina chinokurudzira chemukati chekutevera nemabasa muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, sekugadzirira mangwanani.

Zviratidzo zvechichichiphrenia zvinogona kukanganisa kuyerera kwehupenyu hwezuva nezuva senge, kugona kwavo kushanda, kuva nehukama hwakanaka, kana kuzvitarisira, anodaro Ho. Vanhu vane floridly psychotic states vanowanzoona mabasa avo ekushanda kwemazuva ese achiwira munzira uye ivo kazhinji nguva dzinoda kupindira kwakarongeka (kureva., Kuburikidza nachiremba wepfungwa kana chiremba wepfungwa) kwehupenyu hwavo hwakawanda kuchengetedza zviratidzo zviripo uye kuve nechokwadi [rutsigiro. ] timu iri munzvimbo kana ikave nekumuka.

Yakajairika sei schizophrenia?

Schizophrenia inobata vanhu vane mamirioni makumi maviri pasirese. (Global Burden yeHosha, 2017)
Nhamba yegore negore yezviitiko zvitsva zvechichichiphrenia ndeye 1.5 pavanhu zviuru gumi. ( Epidemiol Ongororo , 2008)
Schizophrenia ndeimwe yepamusoro gumi neshanu inotungamira zvikonzero zvekuremara pasi rese. (Global Burden of Disease, 2016)
Vanenge zvikamu zvishanu kubva muzana zvevanhu vane schizophrenia vanofa nekuzviuraya, kazhinji vane njodzi yakanyanya pakutanga kwechirwere chepfungwa. ( Zvinyorwa zveGeneral Psychiatry, 2005)
Vanenge makumi maviri kubva muzana yevanhu vane schizophrenia vanoedza kuzviuraya kamwe chete. (Iyo Yekudzoka Musha, 2020)

Schizophrenia nhamba muUnited States

Kuwanda kweschizophrenia pakati pevakuru veUS kunofungidzirwa kuve vanhu vane mamirioni 1.5 pagore. (National Mubatanidzwa paMental Illness, 2019)
Schizophrenia inowanzoonekwa muvechidiki panguva yekuyaruka kwavo kusvika pamakumi matatu emakore nezviratidzo zvinowanzo kuratidza pamberi pevarume kupfuura vakadzi. (National Institute yeMental Health, 2018)
Ivhareji yehupenyu yakarasika kune vanhu vane schizophrenia muU.S. ndeye 28.5 makore. ( JAMA Psychiatry , 2015)

Psychotic zviratidzo uye schizophrenia kuongororwa nerudzi-rudzi

Kuwanda kwehupenyu hwezvakataurwa-zviratidzo zvepfungwa zvakanyanya kwazvo muvatema veAmerica (21.1%), Latino maAmerican (19.9%), uye vachena vekuAmerican (13.1%). ( Psychiatric Services , 2013)
Hupenyu hwakawanda hwezvakataurwa nezvake psychotic zviratidzo zvakaderera muAsia America (5.4%). ( Psychiatric Services , 2013)
Tsvagiridzo yakawana kuti vatema vekuAmerican vane mukana wakapetwa katatu kana kana kupfuura vachena vekuAmerican kuti vawane Schizophrenia diagnostic ( World Zvinyorwa zvePsychiatry , 2014)

Schizophrenia uye mhirizhonga manhamba

Varwere vanoonekwa kuti vane schizophrenia vanokwana kana kana katanhatu mikana yekuita mhosva yechisimba kupfuura huwandu hwevanhu. ( International Zvinyorwa zveKiriniki Neurosciences uye Mental Hutano , 2015)
6% yezviito zvekuuraya zvinoitwa nevarwere vechichichiphrenia munyika dzekuMadokero. ( International Zvinyorwa zveKiriniki Neurosciences uye Mental Hutano , 2015)
Imwe ongororo muSweden yakawana kuti 13.2% yevarwere vane schizophrenia vaive nemhosva imwechete yechisimba. ( Zvinyorwa zveAmerican Medical Association (2009)
Mukati memakore mashanu ekutanga echichichiphrenia (kana inoenderana) kuongororwa, 10.7% yevarume uye 2.7% yevakadzi vakatongerwa mhosva yechisimba muSweden. ( Lancet Psychiatry , 2014)
Chiyero chemhirizhonga pakati pevarwere vane schizophrenia uye chirwere chakabatana chaive chakapetwa kashanu zvakapetwa kupfuura pakati pehama dzavo uye zvakapetwa kanomwe kupfuura vanhu vakaenzana muhuwandu hwevanhu muSweden. ( Lancet Psychiatry , 2014)

Zvinokonzera kuitika uye schizophrenia

Vanhu vane schizophrenia vanogona zvakare kuve nemamiriro ezvinhu ekurapa anowirirana. Aya anotevera manhamba anomiririra chiyero chevanhu vane schizophrenia iyo ine yakatarwa co-inoitika hutano hwepfungwa nyaya:

Zviratidzo zvinoshungurudza: 30% -54%
Post-inoshungurudza kusagadzikana kusagadzikana: 29%
Kucherekedza-kumanikidza kusagadzikana: 23%
Panic kusagadzikana: 15%

(Iyo Yekudzoka Musha, 2020)

Kurapa schizophrenia

Zvinosuruvarisa, vashoma vevanhu vane schizophrenia (31%) vakaonekwa sevanogamuchira hutano, zvichiratidza kuti vanopfuura zvikamu zviviri kubva muzvitatu vari kutambura negaka rekurapwa; chikamu chepamusoro chevanhu vasiri kuwana rubatsiro chakawanikwa chichiwira mune yakaderera mari, maererano ne Bulletin yeWorld Health Organisation .

Anenge munhu wese anoonekwa aine schizophrenia anoda kurapwa kurapwa, kazhinji aine antipsychotic mishonga, anodaro Ho. Iye anoti atypical antipsychotic inogona kugadzirisa zviratidzo zvechichichiphrenia senge kufungidzira uye kunyepedzera.

Parizvino, clozapine ndiyo inorwisa antipsychotic zvakanyanya maererano nekutarisira kurwisa-kusapokana neschizophrenia, uye kazhinji, varwere vanozofanira kupfuura nemimwe miedzo yakati wandei yemishonga kuti vawane mhando yekurapa uye muyero wavo, Ho anotsanangura.

Kuziva kwehunhu hwekurapa (CBT) ine nyanzvi yehutano hwepfungwa ndiyo inoshanda zvakanyanya pakurapa schizophrenic varwere, sekureva kwaHo. Iye anotsanangura kuti CBT inodzidzisa murwere maitiro ekugadzirisa mafungiro avo uye maitiro pamwe nekuona zvinokonzeresa chiitiko chepfungwa.

Kupindira kwekutanga kunogona kukanganisa vanhu vane schizophrenia. Zviratidzo zveSchizophrenia zvinowanzo kuve zvakaipisisa mumatanho ekutanga ehurwere, ndipo panowanzove nenjodzi yekuzviuraya. Ruzhinji rwevanhu vane schizophrenia vanova nani nekufamba kwenguva, kwete zvakanyanya. Saizvozvo, makumi maviri% yevanhu vanozoita zvirinani mukati memakore mashanu ekukudziridza zviratidzo. Nekuti schizophrenia inogona kuve yehunhu, vanhu vane nhengo dzemhuri vane schizophrenia kana nhoroondo yezviratidzo zvepfungwa vanogona kutsvaga hutano hwepfungwa kuti vaone schizophrenia uye vatange kurapwa nekukurumidza sezvazvinogona.